Competing interests: Dr. Wood has been an advisory board member for AstraZeneca BMS, Ipsen, Merck, and Pfizer (with no financial compensation); and has participated in clinical trials supported by AstraZeneca, BMS, and Merck (compensation to institution). Dr. Hamilton has been an advisory board member for Astellas, Bayer, Janssen, TerSera; and has participated in clinical trials supported by Astellas, Bayer, Janssen. Dr. Izard has received grants and/or honoraria from Abbvie, Astellas, Bayer, Janssen, and Tolmar; and has participated in clinical trials supported by Astellas, AstraZeneca, Bayer, Janssen, Merck, and Pfizer. Dr. Chung has received honoraria from Abbvie, Boston Scientific, TerSera, and Verity; and has participated in clinical trials supported by CTG, ICON, Medivation, Mount Sinai Health Systems, NRG, and Princess Margaret Cancer Centre. Dr. Nappi has received educational grants from EMD Serono, Ipsen, and Janssen; and has received honoraria from AstraZeneca, Bayer, Ipsen, Janssen, and Pfizer. Dr. Soulières has been an advisory board member for Adlai-Nortye, BMS, Eisai, Ipsen, Merck, and Pfizer; and has received research grants to his institution from BMS, Eisai, Ipsen, Merck, and Pfizer. Dr. Aprikian has been an advisory board member for Abbvie, Astellas, and Bayer; and has received honoraria from Abbvie, Astellas, Bayer, Sanofi, and TerSera. Dr. Canil has been an advisory board member for Bayer, BMS, Eisai, Ipsen, Janssen, Merck, Pfizer, and Seattle Genetics; is a speaker for Janssen; has participated in clinical trials supported by Eisai and Pfizer; and is on the medical advisory board for Kidney Cancer Canada. The remaining authors do not report any competing personal or financial interests related to this work.