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. 2023 Feb;62(1):105-114.
doi: 10.1007/s00394-022-02953-5. Epub 2022 Jul 30.

Sweetened beverages are associated with a higher risk of differentiated thyroid cancer in the EPIC cohort: a dietary pattern approach

Raul Zamora-Ros  1 , Valerie Cayssials  2   3   4 , Ramon Clèries  5   6 , Maria Torrents  2 , Graham Byrnes  7 , Elisabete Weiderpass  7 , Maria Sandström  8 , Martin Almquist  9 , Marie-Christine Boutron-Ruault  10   11 , Anne Tjønneland  12   13 , Cecilie Kyrø  12 , Verena A Katzke  14 , Charlotte Le Cornet  14 , Giovanna Masala  15 , Vittorio Krogh  16 , Gabriella Iannuzzo  17 , Rosario Tumino  18 , Lorenzo Milani  19 , Guri Skeie  20 , Esther Ubago-Guisado  21   22   23 , Pilar Amiano  23   24 , María-Dolores Chirlaque  23   25 , Eva Ardanaz  23   26   27 , Suzanne Janzi  28 , Linda Eriksson  29 , Heinz Freisling  7 , Alicia K Heath  30 , Sabina Rinaldi  7 , Antonio Agudo  2
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Free article

Sweetened beverages are associated with a higher risk of differentiated thyroid cancer in the EPIC cohort: a dietary pattern approach

Raul Zamora-Ros et al. Eur J Nutr. 2023 Feb.
Free article

Abstract

Background: Dietary pattern analysis has gained particular interest, because it reflects the complexity of dietary intake. The aim of this study was to explore the associations between a posteriori dietary patterns, derived using a data-driven approach, and the risk of differentiated thyroid cancer (TC) in Europe.

Methods: This investigation included 450,064 adults from the European Prospective Investigation into Cancer and Nutrition (EPIC) cohort. Dietary intake was assessed using validated country-specific dietary questionnaires. A posteriori dietary patterns were computed using principal component analyses. Cox regression was used to calculate multivariable adjusted hazard ratios (HRs) and 95% confidence intervals (CIs).

Results: After a mean follow-up time of 14 years, 712 first differentiated TCs were diagnosed. In the fully adjusted model, a dietary pattern characterized by alcohol consumption (basically beer and wine) was negatively associated with differentiated TC risk (HRQ4vs.Q1 = 0.75; 95% CI:0.60-0.94, P-trend = 0.005), while a dietary pattern rich in sweetened beverages was positively associated with differentiated TC risk (HRQ4vs.Q1 = 1.26; 95% CI:0.99-1.61; P-trend = 0.07). The remaining 8 dietary patterns were not related to differentiated TC risk. The intake of sweetened beverages was positively associated with differentiated TC risk (HR100mL/d = 1.05; 95% CI:1.00-1.11), especially with papillary TC risk (HR100mL/d = 1.07; 95% CI:1.01-1.13). Similar results were observed with sugary and artificially sweetened beverages.

Conclusions: The investigation of dietary patterns detected that the consumption of sweetened beverages was associated with a higher risk of differentiated thyroid cancer. Our results are in line with the general dietary recommendations of reducing the consumption of sweetened beverages.

Keywords: Dietary pattern; EPIC; Intake; Sweetened beverages; Thyroid cancer.

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