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Review
. 2022 Jul 22:2022:9696378.
doi: 10.1155/2022/9696378. eCollection 2022.

Advances in Tissue Engineering of the Temporomandibular Joint Disc: An Overview of Current Status and Future Directions

Ashutosh Kumar Singh  1 , Nikita Khanal  2 , Rajib Chaulagain  3
Affiliations
Review

Advances in Tissue Engineering of the Temporomandibular Joint Disc: An Overview of Current Status and Future Directions

Ashutosh Kumar Singh et al. Int J Dent. .

Abstract

Advances in tissue engineering have progressed to potentially offer a solution to temporomandibular joint disc (TMJ) disorders not amenable to conservative therapies. Conclusive treatment options for patients with end-stage disc disorders requires discectomy and reconstruction of the articular disc with various materials. Tissue engineering TMJ disc is a promising alternative to the limited and sometimes inadequate clinical options in the management of such disorders. However, tissue engineering is far from completion for the TMJ disc regeneration. This review briefly discusses the properties of native disc, the mechanism by which TMJ disorders manifest, and how a tissue engineered disc could assuage the problems inherent in the management of such disorders. Furthermore, the review addresses and provides updates to relevant themes of tissue engineering in regards to the TMJ disc, namely, the scaffolds, cells and biomarkers, hurdles in tissue engineering of the disc, and its application in translation to the clinical practice and future directions.

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Conflict of interest statement

The authors declare that they have no conflicts of interest.

Figures

Figure 1
Figure 1
Steps and components of tissue engineering the TMJ disc.
Figure 2
Figure 2
Hurdles in developing a practically useable TE TMJ disc.
Figure 3
Figure 3
Ideal desired characteristics of a TE TMJ disc.
See this image and copyright information in PMC

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