Perampanel as First Add-On Therapy in Patients with Focal-Onset Seizures in the FAME Trial: Post hoc Analyses of Efficacy and Safety Related to Maintenance Dose and Background Antiepileptic Drug Therapy

Abstract

Background and purpose: FAME (Fycompa^® as first Add-on to Monotherapy in patients with Epilepsy; NCT02726074), a previously reported single-arm, phase IV study, showed that perampanel improved seizure control as first add-on to failed anti-seizure medication (ASM) monotherapy in 85 South Korean patients aged ≥12 years with focal-onset seizures (FOS) with/without focal to bilateral tonic-clonic seizures. We present results of three post hoc analyses of FAME that further assessed the efficacy and safety of perampanel.

Methods: Patients were stratified by low- (4, 6 mg/day) versus high- (8, 10, 12 mg/day) dose maintenance perampanel, perampanel added to first- versus second-line ASM monotherapy, and concomitant background ASM monotherapy and perampanel dose. The primary endpoint was the proportion of patients with a ≥50% reduction in total seizure frequency during the 24-week maintenance period. Safety was assessed by the descriptive incidence of treatment-emergent adverse events (TEAEs).

Results: In post hoc analyses, 50% responder rates were significantly higher for low- versus high-dose maintenance perampanel (88.6% vs. 40.0%; p<0.001) and when added to first- versus second-line ASM monotherapy (83.5% vs. 33.3%; p=0.013). By concomitant background ASM and perampanel maintenance dose, 50% responder rates were 100% for perampanel 4 mg/day added to carbamazepine, oxcarbazepine, lamotrigine, or valproic acid, and 85% when added to levetiracetam. Add-on perampanel improved 75% and seizure-free responder rates, and median percent changes from baseline seizure frequency per 28 days. Perampanel was well tolerated when added to ASM monotherapy, with dizziness being the most common TEAE.

Conclusions: Post hoc analyses of FAME provide supportive data for the use of perampanel as an effective and well-tolerated first add-on treatment to a broad spectrum of ASM monotherapies in patients with FOS.

Keywords: AMPA receptor; Perampanel; Seizures; focal; generalized.

Figure 1

Seizure-control outcomes in perampanel recipients stratified by perampanel daily maintenance dose (low vs. high), full analysis set (n=85). (A) Responder rates (50%, 75%, and seizure-free) and (B) median percentage reduction from baseline seizure frequency per 28 days.

Figure 2

Seizure-control outcomes in perampanel recipients stratified by first and second anti-seizure medication (ASM) monotherapy use at baseline, full analysis set (n=85). (A) Responder rates (50%, 75%, and seizure-free) and (B) median percent reduction from baseline seizure frequency per 28 days.

Figure 3

Seizure-control outcomes in perampanel recipients stratified by baseline concomitant anti-seizure medication and daily perampanel maintenance dose, full analysis set (n=83). (A) 50% responder rates, (B) seizure-free responder rate, and (C) median percentage reduction from baseline seizure frequency per 28 days. ^aBased on data from 19/20 patients.