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. 2022 Jul 13:13:930714.
doi: 10.3389/fpsyt.2022.930714. eCollection 2022.

Differences of Anxiety and Depression in Dry Eye Disease Patients According to Age Groups

Zhanglin Liu  1   2   3 , Shengshu Sun  1   2   3 , Xiaowen Sun  1   2   3   4 , Yuan Wu  1   2   3 , Yue Huang  1   2   3
Affiliations

Differences of Anxiety and Depression in Dry Eye Disease Patients According to Age Groups

Zhanglin Liu et al. Front Psychiatry. .

Abstract

This study aimed to investigate the association between dry eye disease (DED) and DED-related anxiety and depression tendencies, as well as the risk factors for anxiety and depression in patients with DED of different age groups. This was a cross-sectional study involving 160 patients with DED and 80 healthy individuals aged 20-65 years. All participants completed the investigation of the demographic characteristics, the Hospital Anxiety Depression Scale (HADS), the Ocular Surface Disease Index (OSDI) questionnaire, the Standard Patient Evaluation of Eye Dryness (SPEED) questionnaire, and underwent objective clinical eye examinations. In patients aged 20-40 years, anxiety and depression scores were correlated with OSDI, sleep disorders, and Best Corrected Visual Acuity (BCVA). In patients with DED aged 41-65 years, anxiety scores were correlated with sleep disorders, the level of DED impact on life and work, and the severity of DED. Depression scores were correlated with sleep disorders and the severity of DED. The results indicated that the tendency for anxiety and depression was closely associated with DED and sleep disorders. Moreover, the factors affecting anxiety and depression in patients varied with age.

Keywords: anxiety; depression; different age; dry eye disease; sleep disorder.

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Conflict of interest statement

The authors declare that the research was conducted in the absence of any commercial or financial relationships that could be construed as a potential conflict of interest.

Figures

FIGURE 1
FIGURE 1
Consistency test of Ocular Surface Disease Index (OSDI) and Standard Patient Evaluation of Eye Dryness (SPEED) questionnaire scores in patients with dry eye disease (DED) aged 20–40.
FIGURE 2
FIGURE 2
Consistency test of Ocular Surface Disease Index (OSDI) and Standard Patient Evaluation of Eye Drynes (SPEED) questionnaire scores in patients with dry eye disease (DED) aged 41−65.
See this image and copyright information in PMC

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