The nexus between immigration status, policy, and proceedings, and mental health

Abstract

Many immigrants are exposed to immigration court (IC) proceedings and their related policies either directly or indirectly. Although, little is known about the impact that immigration status, policy, and proceedings have on the mental health of immigrants, the body of literature is growing. This article explores how mental health may be impacted by factors such as fear of deportation and uncertainty regarding the future. We discuss risk factors, such as vilification of racial/ethnic groups, legal status, and detention; and protective factors, including religion, social support, economic stability, and linguistic proficiency. We conclude by addressing adequate training for mental health professionals working with non-citizen immigrants and recommend steps to becoming a competent professional in the context of ever-changing immigration policy.

Keywords: Clinical psychology; Fear of deportation; Forensics; Immigration court; Mental health; Risk and resilience; Uncertainty.