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Meta-Analysis
. 2022 Aug 3:12:04056.
doi: 10.7189/jogh.12.04056.

Self-care behaviours among people with type 2 diabetes mellitus in South Asia: A systematic review and meta-analysis

Grish Paudel  1 , Corneel Vandelanotte  2 , Padam K Dahal  1 , Tuhin Biswas  3 , Uday N Yadav  4   5 , Tomohiko Sugishita  6 , Lal Rawal  1   2   7
Affiliations
Meta-Analysis

Self-care behaviours among people with type 2 diabetes mellitus in South Asia: A systematic review and meta-analysis

Grish Paudel et al. J Glob Health. .

Abstract

Background: The burden of Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus (T2DM) in South Asian countries is increasing rapidly. Self-care behaviour plays a vital role in managing T2DM and preventing complications. Research on self-care behaviours among people with T2DM has been widely conducted in South Asian countries, but there are no systematic reviews that assess self-care behaviour among people with T2DM in South Asia. This study systematically assessed the studies reporting self-care behaviours among people with T2DM in South-Asia.

Methods: Adhering to the PRISMA guidelines, we searched six bibliographic databases (Scopus, PubMed, CINAHL, Embase, Web of Science, and PsychInfo) to identify the relevant articles published between January 2000 through March 2022. Eligibility criteria included all observational and cross-sectional studies reporting on the prevalence of self-care behaviours (ie, diet, physical activity, medication adherence, blood glucose monitoring, and foot care) conducted in South Asian countries among people with T2DM.

Results: The database search returned 1567 articles. After deduplication (n = 758) and review of full-text articles (n = 192), 92 studies met inclusion criteria and were included. Forward and backward reference checks were performed on included studies, which resulted in an additional 18 articles. The pooled prevalence of adherence to blood glucose monitoring was 65% (95% CI = 49-80); 64% for medication adherence (95% CI = 53-74); 53% for physical activity (95% CI = 39-66); 48% for diet (95% CI = 38-58); 42% for foot care (95% CI = 30-54). About a quarter of people with T2DM consumed alcohol (25.2%, IQR = 13.8%-38.1%) and were using tobacco products (18.6%, IQR = 10.6%-23.8%).

Conclusions: Our findings suggest that the prevalence of self-care behaviours among people with T2DM in South Asia is low. This shows an urgent need to thoroughly investigate the barriers to the practising of self-care and design and implement interventions to improve diabetes self-care behaviour among people with T2DM in South Asia.

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Conflict of interest statement

Disclosure of interest: The authors completed the ICMJE Unified Competing Interest Form (available upon request from the corresponding author) and declare no relevant interests.

Figures

Figure 1
Figure 1
PRISMA flow diagram (2009) for reporting systematic review and meta-analysis.
Figure 2
Figure 2
Pooled estimate of physical activity among people with T2DM.
Figure 3
Figure 3
Pooled estimate of medication intake among people with T2DM.
Figure 4
Figure 4
Pooled estimate of Dietary habit among people with T2DM.
Figure 5
Figure 5
Pooled estimate of blood glucose monitoring among people with T2DM.
Figure 6
Figure 6
Pooled estimate of foot care among people with T2DM.
See this image and copyright information in PMC

References

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