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Comment
. 2022 Nov;85(5):573-607.
doi: 10.1016/j.jinf.2022.07.023. Epub 2022 Jul 31.

Synergism of interferon-beta with antiviral drugs against SARS-CoV-2 variants

Denisa Bojkova  1 , Richard Stack  2 , Tamara Rothenburger  1 , Joshua D Kandler  1 , Sandra Ciesek  3 , Mark N Wass  4 , Martin Michaelis  5 , Jindrich Cinatl Jr  6
Affiliations
Comment

Synergism of interferon-beta with antiviral drugs against SARS-CoV-2 variants

Denisa Bojkova et al. J Infect. 2022 Nov.
No abstract available

Keywords: Antiviral therapy; Aprotinin; COVID-19; Combination therapy; Interferon; Molnupiravir; Nirmatrelvir; Remdesivir; SARS-CoV-2.

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Conflict of interest statement

Declaration of Competing Interests The authors declare no competing interests.

Figures

Fig 1
Fig. 1
Antiviral effects of approved anti-SARS-CoV-2 drugs in combination with interferon-β (betaferon) against Delta, Omicron BA.1, and Omicron BA.2 isolates. Betaferon was tested in fixed combinations combination with remdesivir (A), EIDD-1931 (B), or nirmatrelvir (C) in SARS-CoV-2 (MOI 0.01)-infected Caco-2-F03 cells. Values represent mean ± S.D. of three independent experiments. D) Combination indices were calculated at the IC50, IC75, IC90, and IC95 levels following the method of Chou and Talalay. E) The weighted average CI value (CIwt) was calculated according to the formula: CIwt [CI50 + 2CI75 + 3CI90 + 4CI95]/10. A CIwt <1 indicates synergism, a CIwt =1 indicates additive effects, and a CIwt ˃1 suggest antagonism.
Fig 2
Fig. 2
Antiviral effects of aprotinin in combination with interferon-β (betaferon) against Delta, Omicron BA.1, and Omicron BA.2 isolates. Betaferon was tested in a fixed combination with aprotinin in SARS-CoV-2 (MOI 0.01)-infected Caco-2-F03 cells. Values represent mean ± S.D. of three independent experiments. B) Combination indices were calculated at the IC50, IC75, IC90, and IC95 levels following the method of Chou and Talalay. C) The weighted average CI value (CIwt) was calculated according to the formula: CIwt [CI50 + 2CI75 + 3CI90 + 4CI95]/10. A CIwt <1 indicates synergism, a CIwt =1 indicates additive effects, and a CIwt ˃1 suggest antagonism.
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Comment on

References

    1. Bojkova D., Bechtel M., McLaughlin K.M., McGreig J.E., Klann K., Bellinghausen C., et al. Aprotinin inhibits SARS-CoV-2 replication. Cells. 2020;9:2377. - PMC - PubMed
    1. Bojkova D., Rothenburger T., Ciesek S., Wass M.N., Michaelis M., Cinatl J., Jr. SARS-CoV-2 Omicron variant virus isolates are highly sensitive to interferon treatment. Cell Discov. 2022;8(1):42. May 10. - PMC - PubMed
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Supplementary concepts