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. 2022 Jul 26:15:3991-3999.
doi: 10.2147/IDR.S362445. eCollection 2022.

Genotypic and Phenotypic Expression of Antibiotic Resistance Patterns of Uropathogenic Enterobacteriaceae

Elizabeth Gantasala  1 , Sevitha Bhat  2 , Vishwas Saralaya  2 , Madhumitha Jayaram  1 , Jeppu Udayalaxmi  2
Affiliations

Genotypic and Phenotypic Expression of Antibiotic Resistance Patterns of Uropathogenic Enterobacteriaceae

Elizabeth Gantasala et al. Infect Drug Resist. .

Abstract

Aim: To determine the antibiotic resistance patterns, detection of carbapenemase genes in uropathogenic bacilli belonging to the Enterobacteriaceae family and to correlate it with clinical data.

Materials and methods: Identification and antibiotic sensitivity testing of the uropathogenic Enterobacteriaceae was done by using VITEK2 Compact (C) system. Multiplex PCR was used to detect blaIMP, blaKPC, blaNDM1, blaOXA -48, and blaVIM genes.

Results: Out of 1602 urine samples, 417 (26%) showed significant growth, and in these 311 (74.6%) belonged to the Enterobacteriaceae family. Escherichia coli showed a relatively low rate of resistance to nitrofurantoin (17/205; 8.3%), with the majority of the isolates showing a MIC value of ≤16 µg/mL when compared to Klebsiella spp. (55/86; 64%), with MIC values for the majority of isolates being 128 µg/mL. Klebsiella spp. showed a relatively low rate of resistance to nalidixic acid (48/86; 55.8%) when compared with E. coli isolates (179/205; 87.3%). Out of 145 isolates tested, we found blaNDM in 11 (7.58%), bla OXA -48 in 8 (5.51%), bla VIM in 4 (2.75%), bla KPC in one (0.6%) and blaIMP in none of the isolates. Of these 3 isolates were carbapenem sensitive, the rest were resistant.

Conclusion: Most of the isolates were sensitive to fosfomycin, carbapenems and resistant to cephalosporins and nalidixic acid. We detected carbapenemase genes in 13 (59%) out of 22 carbapenem resistant isolates and 3 (2.4%) out of 123 carbapenem sensitive isolates.

Keywords: antibacterial agents; drug resistance; multiplex polymerase chain reaction; urinary tract infection.

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Conflict of interest statement

The authors declare that they have no conflicts of interest in relation to this work.

Figures

Figure 1
Figure 1
Comparison between antibiotic resistance pattern of E. coli and Klebsiella spp.
Figure 2
Figure 2
Coexisting clinical conditions in patients with UTI.
Figure 3
Figure 3
Multiplex PCR results showing the detection of carbapenemase genes (Lane 1, Lane 10 molecular ladder; Lane 2, 3, 4, 5, 6 correspond to blaIMP, blaNDM, blaKPC, bla OXA-48, bla VIM; Lane 7 negative control of amplification; Lane 8 negative sample; Lane 9 showing bla NDM and bla OXA-48).
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