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. 2022 Jul 27;69(2):e1-e14.
doi: 10.4102/sajcd.v69i2.890.

Health sciences students' perception of the communicative impacts of face coverings during the COVID-19 pandemic at a South African University

Nasim B Khan  1 , Nolwazi Mthembu, Aishwarya Narothan, Zamahlase Sibisi, Qiniso Vilane
Affiliations

Health sciences students' perception of the communicative impacts of face coverings during the COVID-19 pandemic at a South African University

Nasim B Khan et al. S Afr J Commun Disord. .

Abstract

Background: The use of face masks and/or shields can pose a challenge during communication. They block facial expressions thus removing visual cues and affect sound transmission making it difficult to hear speech clearly. Given the widespread use of face coverings, it seems reasonable to clarify if communication in typical speakers and listeners has significantly differed. Health science students as future practitioners need to understand challenges that arise from using face coverings.

Objective: This study aimed to determine health sciences students' perception of the communicative impacts of face coverings.

Method: The study employed a descriptive, self-administered online survey, obtaining information from 96 health science undergraduate students.

Results: All participants changed their manner of speaking in that they spoke louder when wearing masks and focused more on eye contact when someone was wearing masks. These were statistically significant (p = 0.450 and p = 0.035 respectively). Fifty-three percent reported using more listening effort and feeling anxious when communicating. Approximately 33% indicated that it was challenging to read emotions, such as sad or unhappy, when someone wore a mask. Most, 61%, were positive or very positive about wearing masks. The level of difficulty differed depending on the listening environment. It was harder to understand the doctor, nurse, or other healthcare workers when they wore face coverings than when listening to their friends and family, which had little effect, this being statistically significant (p = 0.025).

Conclusion: Challenges envisaged in practice included frequent communication breakdowns, inability to connect and build trust between patient and practitioner, and communicating in noisy environments. Coping strategies, future clinical and research implications were proposed, and limitations acknowledged.

Keywords: COVID-19 pandemic; challenges; communicative impacts; face coverings; perceptions.

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Conflict of interest statement

The authors declare that they have no financial or personal relationships that may have inappropriately influenced them in writing this article.

Figures

FIGURE 1
FIGURE 1
Speakers adjust content, manner and length of utterances when using face coverings (n = 96).
FIGURE 2
FIGURE 2
Level of difficulty in hearing a person speaking through a mask or shield (n = 96).
FIGURE 3
FIGURE 3
Difficulties in listening to a person wearing different types of face coverings (n = 96).
FIGURE 4
FIGURE 4
Impact of masks on the ability to hear and understand by the listening situation (n = 96).
FIGURE 5
FIGURE 5
Difficulties in feeling connected and engaged with face masks being worn (n = 96).
See this image and copyright information in PMC

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