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Meta-Analysis
. 2022 Aug 4;19(1):172.
doi: 10.1186/s12978-022-01480-0.

Knowledge and practice of essential newborn care and associated factors among women in Ethiopia: systematic review and meta-analysis

Alemu Degu Ayele  1 , Lebeza Alemu Tenaw  2 , Bekalu Getnet Kassa  3 , Gedefaye Nibret Mihretie  3 , Habtamu Gebrehana Belay  3 , Adanech Getie Teffera  3 , Eden Workneh Aychew  3 , Enyew Dagnew Yehuala  3 , Tigist Seid Yimer  3
Affiliations
Meta-Analysis

Knowledge and practice of essential newborn care and associated factors among women in Ethiopia: systematic review and meta-analysis

Alemu Degu Ayele et al. Reprod Health. .

Abstract

Background: In developing countries, including Ethiopia the risk of neonatal death can be easily prevented and avoided by implementing essential newborn care with simple, low cost, and a short period time immediately after delivery. However, the problem is still persisting due to lack of adequate maternal and newborn care practice. Hence, this review aimed to estimate the pooled prevalence of women's knowledge and practice of essential newborn care and its associated factors in Ethiopia using systematic review and meta-analysis.

Method: An intensive literature search was performed from PubMed, Google Scholar, EMBASE, HINARI, Scopus, and Web of Sciences from April 1-30, 2021. Data were extracted by using a pre-tested and standardized data extraction format. The data were analyzed by using STATA 14 statistical software. I2 tests assessed heterogeneity across the included studies. A random-effect model was used to estimate the pooled prevalence of knowledge and practice of essential newborn care.

Results: From 1275 identified studies, 25 articles were included. The national pooled prevalence of essential newborn care knowledge and practice among women was 55.05% and 41.49% respectively. Secondary education (AOR = 2.75, 95% CI 1.62, 4.66), multiparity (AOR = 2.14, 95% CI 1.41, 3.26), antenatal care (AOR = 2.94; 95% CI 2.03, 4.26), and postnatal follow-up (AOR = 1.64, 95% CI 1.20, 2.23) were significantly associated with knowledge level whereas; primary education (AOR = 7.08, 95% CI 4.79, 10.47), urban residency (AOR = 2.22, 95% CI 1.65, 3.00), attending monthly meetings (AOR = 2.07, 95% CI 1.64, 2.62), antenatal care (AOR = 2.89, 95% CI 1.97, 4.26), advised during delivery (AOR = 2.54, 95% CI 1.80, 3.59), postnatal follow-up (AOR = 7.08, 95% CI 4.79, 10.47) and knowledge (AOR = 2.93; 95% CI 1.81, 4.75) were statistically significant with essential newborn practice.

Conclusions: The current systematic review and meta-analysis findings reported that the level of knowledge and practice of essential newborn care among Ethiopian women was low. Therefore, improvement of essential newborn through the provision of community-based awareness creation forum, improving antenatal and postnatal care follow up, education on essential newborn care to all pregnant and postnatal women are very important. Trial registration Prospero registration: CRD 42021251521.

Keywords: Essential; Ethiopia; Knowledge; Newborn; Practice.

Plain language summary

Essential newborn care (ENC) is a single most cost-effective intervention to reduce neonatal mortality and morbidity both in developed and developing countries. An intensive electronic search from PubMed, Google Scholar, EMBASE, HINAR, Scopus, and Web of Sciences were performed to identify the primary studies. In this meta-analysis a total of 25 articles were included to estimate the polled prevalence of ENC knowledge and practice among Ethiopian women. Accordingly, the national pooled prevalence of ENC knowledge and practice among women was 55.05% and 41.49% respectively. In the current systematic review and meta-analysis, Secondary education, multiparity, antenatal care, and postnatal follow-up were significantly associated with knowledge level whereas; primary education, urban residency, attending monthly meetings, antenatal care, advised during delivery, postnatal follow-up and knowledge on ENC were found to be statistically significant with essential newborn practice. As per finding the knowledge and practice regarding essential newborn care among women in Ethiopian was significantly low. Hence, improvement of essential newborn through the provision of community-based awareness creation forum, improving antenatal and postnatal care follow up, education on essential newborn care to all pregnant and postnatal women are very important.

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Conflict of interest statement

The authors declare that there is no competing interests.

Figures

Fig. 1
Fig. 1
Flow chart of study selection for systematic review and meta-analysis of knowledge and practice of essential newborn care among women in Ethiopia
Fig. 2
Fig. 2
Forest plot of the pooled prevalence of women’s knowledge on essential newborn care in Ethiopia
Fig. 3
Fig. 3
Forest plot of the pooled prevalence of practice of essential newborn care among women in Ethiopia
Fig. 4
Fig. 4
a Funnel plot to test the publication bias of 9 knowledge assessing studies. b Result of trim and fill analysis for adjusting publication bias
Fig. 5
Fig. 5
Funnel plot to test the publication bias of included 21 studies to assess practice of essential newborn care among women in Ethiopia
Fig. 6
Fig. 6
Factors affecting women’s knowledge of essential newborn care among women in Ethiopia
Fig. 7
Fig. 7
Forest plot showing the pooled odds ratio of the association between primary education and above and practice among women in Ethiopia
Fig. 8
Fig. 8
Forest plot showing the pooled odds ratio of the association between urban residency and practice among women in Ethiopia
Fig. 9
Fig. 9
Forest plot showing the pooled odds ratio of the association between attending of pregnant mothers monthly meeting and practice among women in Ethiopia
Fig. 10
Fig. 10
Forest plot showing the pooled odds ratio of the association between ANC follow-up and practice among women in Ethiopia
Fig. 11
Fig. 11
Forest plot showing the pooled odds ratio of the association between advice on essential newborn care during delivery its practice among women in Ethiopia
Fig. 12
Fig. 12
Forest plot showing the pooled odds ratio of the association between PNC follow -up and practice of ENC among women in Ethiopia
Fig. 13
Fig. 13
Forest plot showing the pooled odds ratio of the association between knowledge and practice of ENC among women in Ethiopia
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