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. 2022 Jul 19:9:946148.
doi: 10.3389/fvets.2022.946148. eCollection 2022.

Mechanism of Lysoforte in Improving Jejuna Morphology and Health in Broiler Chickens

Xiaofeng Li  1 , Xiaoli Shi  2 , Noura M Mesalam  3 , Lei Liu  4 , Zhihao Chen  1 , Bing Yang  1
Affiliations

Mechanism of Lysoforte in Improving Jejuna Morphology and Health in Broiler Chickens

Xiaofeng Li et al. Front Vet Sci. .

Abstract

Lysoforte (LFT) plays a vital role in maintaining broilers' health and intestinal morphology. However, the mechanism behind the effects of LFT improving intestinal morphology and health is still unclear. Therefore, this study was implemented to explore the central genes linked to the regulatory effect of LFT. Seventy-five newly hatched Cobb 500 male broilers were randomly divided into three groups: control, LFT500, and LFT1000 groups, with 25 chicks per group. The control chicks were provided with the basal diet, and the birds in LFT500 and LFT1000 groups were offered the same basal diet with 500 g/ton and 1,000 g/ton LFT, respectively. GSE94622 dataset consisted of the control and two LFT-treated groups (LFT500 and LFT1000). Jejuna samples were obtained from Gene Expression Omnibus (GEO). Totally 106-344 DEGs were obtained by comparing LFT500 and LFT1000 vs. control and LFT1000 vs. LFT500. Gene ontology (GO) enrichment suggested that the DEGs are mainly related to the phosphatidylethanolamine biosynthetic process and neuron projection extension. KEGG analysis suggested the DEGs were enriched in AGE-RAGE, fatty acid elongation, ECM-receptor interaction (ECMRI), glycerophospholipid metabolism, focal adhesion, unsaturated fatty acids biosynthesis, and ABC transporters. Moreover, 29 genes, such as REG4, GJB1, KAT2A, APOA5, SERPINE2, ELOVL1, ABCC2, ANKRD9, CYP4V2, and PISD, might be closely related to promoting jejuna morphology in broilers. Taken together, our observation enhances the understanding of LFT in maintaining intestinal architecture and the general health of broiler chickens.

Keywords: Lysoforte; broiler; gene; jejuna; signaling pathway.

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Conflict of interest statement

The authors declare that the research was conducted in the absence of any commercial or financial relationships that could be construed as a potential conflict of interest.

Figures

Figure 1
Figure 1
Transcript and Gene Profiles in Broilers Jejuna Treated with and without LFT. (A) The density of transcripts expression; (B) UMAP; (C–E) Volcano plot of DEGs was identified by three comparisons (LFT500 and LFT1000 vs. control and LFT1000 vs. LFT500, respectively). The red, gray, and blue spots represent the upregulated, unchanged, and downregulated genes. (F) Venn diagrams for the DEGs are identified in the three ways of comparisons mentioned above.
Figure 2
Figure 2
GO Enrichment for DEGs in Broilers Jejuna Treated with and without LFT. (A–C) GO enrichment for DEGs identified in the three comparisons (LFT500 and LFT1000 vs. control and LFT1000 vs. LFT500, respectively). (D) GO enrichment for the common DEGs in the two comparisons (LFT500 and LFT1000 vs. control). (E–Q) The heatmaps for DEGs in cell adhesion, cell proliferation, blood coagulation, collagen biosynthetic process, collagen fibril organization, glutathione metabolic process, macrophage chemotaxis, negative regulation of interferon-gamma production, positive regulation of gene expression, protein phosphorylation, and the response to oxidative stress.
Figure 3
Figure 3
KEGG Enrichment for DEGs in Broilers Jejuna Treated with and without LFT. (A–C) KEGG enrichment for DEGs was identified by three comparisons (LFT500 and LFT1000 vs. control and LFT1000 vs. LFT500, respectively). (D) KEGG enrichment for the common DEGs was identified by two comparisons (LFT500 and LFT1000 vs. control). (E–O) Heatmaps for DEGs in TLR, PPAR, metabolism, adipocytokine, carbon metabolism, CAMs, drug metabolism-cytochrome P450, fatty acid degradation, mTOR, fatty acid metabolism, and Wnt signaling pathway.
Figure 4
Figure 4
Reactome Analysis and Protein Classification for DEGs. (A,B) Reactome analysis for DEGs was identified in two comparisons (LFT1000 and LFT500 vs. control). (C–E) Protein classification for DEGs was identified in two comparisons (LFT500 and LFT1000 vs. control and LFT1000 vs. LFT500, respectively).
Figure 5
Figure 5
PPI Network for DEGs in broilers jejuna treated with and without LFT. (A–C) PPI network for DEGs was identified by three comparisons (LFT1000 and LFT500 vs. control and LFT1000 vs. LFT500, respectively).
Figure 6
Figure 6
Hub Genes Linked to the Regulation of LFT on the Morphology and Health in Broiler Jejuna. (A–C) Hub genes from DEGs were identified by three comparisons (LFT500 and LFT1000 vs. control and LFT1000 vs. LFT500, respectively). (D–F) GO and (G–I) KEGG enrichment for hub genes mentioned above.
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