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Review
. 2022 Jul 19:12:865208.
doi: 10.3389/fonc.2022.865208. eCollection 2022.

Interactions of Colorectal Cancer, Dietary Fats, and Polymorphisms of Arachidonate Lipoxygenase and Cyclooxygenase Genes: A Literature Review

Maryam Gholamalizadeh  1 , Nazanin Majidi  2 , Shirin Tajaddod  2 , Sepideh Abdollahi  3 , Seyed Mohammad Poorhosseini  4 , Mina Ahmadzadeh  5 , Mohammad Naimi Joubani  6 , Samaneh Mirzaei Dahka  7 , Hanieh Shafaei  7 , Mogge Hajiesmaeil  8 , Atiyeh Alizadeh  9 , Saeid Doaei  10 , Anahita Houshiar-Rad  11
Affiliations
Review

Interactions of Colorectal Cancer, Dietary Fats, and Polymorphisms of Arachidonate Lipoxygenase and Cyclooxygenase Genes: A Literature Review

Maryam Gholamalizadeh et al. Front Oncol. .

Abstract

Objective: Genetics and dietary factors play important roles in the development of colorectal cancer (CRC). However, the underlying mechanisms of the interactions between CRC, gene polymorphisms, and dietary fat are unclear. This review study investigated the effects of polymorphisms of arachidonate lipoxygenase (ALOX) and cyclooxygenase (COX) genes in the association between CRC and dietary fat.

Methods: All the related papers published from 2000 to 2022 were collected from different databases such as PubMed, Science Direct, Scopus, and Cochran using related keywords such as colorectal cancer, ALOX, COX, polymorphism, and dietary fat. Non-English and unrelated documents were excluded.

Results: Some single-nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) in the ALOX and COX genes, such as rs2228065, rs6413416, and rs4986832 in the ALOX gene, and rs689465 in the COX gene may play significant roles in the association between the risk of CRC and dietary fats. SNPs of ALOX and COX genes may influence the effects of dietary fatty acids on the risk of CRC.

Conclusion: Some polymorphisms of the ALOX and COX genes may have important roles in the effects of dietary fat on the risk of CRC. If future studies confirm these results, dietary recommendations for preventing colorectal cancer may be personalized based on the genotype of the ALOX and COX genes.

Keywords: colorectal cancer; cyclooxygenase; dietary fat; lipoxygenase; polymorphism.

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Conflict of interest statement

The authors declare that the research was conducted in the absence of any commercial or financial relationships that could be construed as a potential conflict of interest.

Figures

Figure 1
Figure 1
The process of including the appropriate studies.
Figure 2
Figure 2
Arachidonate lipoxygenase (ALOX) in the metabolism of Arachidonic Acid (AA). HPETE, hydroperoxyeicosatetraenoic acid; LT, Leukotriene; ↑, Increase; ↓, Decrease.
Figure 3
Figure 3
Cyclooxygenase (COX) in metabolism of Arachidonic Acid (AA). PG, Prostaglandin, TX, Thromboxane.
Figure 4
Figure 4
Interaction among dietary fatty acids, ALOX (Arachidonate lipoxygenase) and COX (Cyclooxygenase) in metabolic pathway of AA (Arachidonic Acid), and CRC (colorectal cancer) risk. PG, Prostaglandin; TX, Thromboxane; LT, Leukotriene; LX, Lipoxin; DHA, Docosahexaenoic acid; EPA, Eicosapentaenoic acid; ↑, increase; ↓, decrease.
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