Dextrose administration exacerbates acute renal ischemic damage in anesthetized dogs

Abstract

To determine if moderate hyperglycemia produced by dextrose administration was detrimental in normothermic renal ischemia, 15 halothane-anesthetized mongrel dogs underwent right nephrectomy and 60 minutes of left renal artery and vein occlusion. Six dogs received 1 L of lactated Ringer's solution (LR) and six others received 1 L of 5% dextrose in lactated Ringer's solution (D5LR). Three sham-operated dogs received 1 L of D5LR and underwent right nephrectomy but no occlusions. All dogs received 500 mL of fluid before occlusion and 500 mL after occlusion. The blood glucose concentration for the LR group was 7.6 mmol/L (137 mg/dL) after 500 mL and 7.2 mmol/L (130 mg/dL) after 1000 mL. In the D5LR group, the blood glucose concentration was 21.5 mmol/L (387 mg/dL) after 500 mL and 20.2 mmol/L (363 mg/dL) after 1000 mL. In the sham-operated group, the blood glucose concentration was 22.8 mmol/L (410 mg/dL) after 500 mL and 20.7 mmol/L (373 mg/dL) after 1000 mL. At 30 hours, the plasma creatinine concentration rose from 70 to 300 mumol/L (0.8 to 3.4 mg/dL) in the LR group and from 90 to 500 mumol/L (1.0 to 5.8 mg/dL) in the D5LR group; the increase for the D5LR group was significantly greater than that for the LR group. In the sham-operated group, the plasma creatinine concentration was stable throughout the 30-hour period. This study demonstrates a significant detrimental effect of dextrose administration on renal function during normothermic ischemia.