Cognitive Complications of COVID-19 Infection

Abstract

SARS-CoV-2 is associated with a post-infectious neurocognitive syndrome characterized by fatigue and deficits in attention, memory, and executive function. As screening cognitive testing generally remains normal, the pathophysiologic basis of these symptoms remains controversial and there is no standardized treatment paradigm. We present a clinical case demonstrative of typical neurocognitive sequelae of SARS-CoV-2 infection, highlighting medical and social factors that may have contributed to the severity of symptoms. We discuss the pathophysiologic evidence for cognitive "brain fog" following COVID-19 infection as well as lifestyle changes and rehabilitation strategies that may improve recovery. As the benefits of pharmacologic therapy remain unproven, we close with a brief discussion of medication options that might be appropriate targets for future clinical trials in the context of rehabilitative treatment.

Keywords: Long COVID; PASC; brain fog; dysexecutive syndrome.