Skip to main page content
U.S. flag

An official website of the United States government

Dot gov

The .gov means it’s official.
Federal government websites often end in .gov or .mil. Before sharing sensitive information, make sure you’re on a federal government site.

Https

The site is secure.
The https:// ensures that you are connecting to the official website and that any information you provide is encrypted and transmitted securely.

Access keys NCBI Homepage MyNCBI Homepage Main Content Main Navigation
. 2022 Aug 5;23(1):275.
doi: 10.1186/s12882-022-02907-3.

Chronic kidney disease of nontraditional causes in central Panama

Karen Courville #  1   2 , Norman Bustamante #  1   2 , Bárbara Hurtado  3 , Maydelin Pecchio  1   4 , Clarissa Rodríguez  5 , Virginia Núñez-Samudio #  6   7 , Iván Landires #  8   9
Affiliations

Chronic kidney disease of nontraditional causes in central Panama

Karen Courville et al. BMC Nephrol. .

Abstract

Background: Over the last three decades, the mesoamerican region has seen an increase in the frequency of patients diagnosed with Chronic Kidney Disease of nontraditional causes (CKDnt) also known as Meso-American Nephropathy (MeN). A region with an increased frequency of patients with Chronic Kidney Disease (CKD) has been identified in central Panama. The present study aims to characterize the clinical presentation of patients with CKDnt in an understudied population of the central region of Panama and to compare them with patients with traditional chronic kidney disease (CKDt).

Methods: A retrospective descriptive study was conducted in a nephrology reference hospital in the central provinces of Herrera and Los Santos, comparing a group of 15 patients with CKDnt to 91 patients with CKDt. Sociodemographic variables, personal history, laboratory parameters, and of renal ultrasound were compared.

Results: Patients with CKDnt had a median age of 58 years (IQR: 52-61), significantly lower (P < 0.001) than patients with CKDt with a median age of 71 years (IQR: 64-78). Patients with CKDnt had a history of being agricultural (60%) and transportation (20%) workers, significantly higher than patients with CKDt (15%, P < 0.001 and 0%, P < 0.01 respectively). Renal atrophy and hyperuricemia are significant clinical markers of CKDnt (P < 0.001 and P < 0.05 respectively).

Conclusion: To our knowledge, this is the first study in Panama to investigate the clinical presentation of patients with CKDnt and one of the few in Central America and the world that compares them with patients with CKDt. In central Panama the typical CKDnt patient is a male in his 50 s who is primarily engaged in agriculture or as a public transport driver. Renal atrophy and hyperuricemia are significant clinical markers of CKDnt. Further studies are needed to help understand the common determinants and risk factors for CKDnt development in Panama and Mesoamerica.

Keywords: Chronic kidney disease; Clinical presentation; Mesoamerican nephropathy; Nontraditional; Panama; Traditional.

PubMed Disclaimer

Conflict of interest statement

The authors declare that they have no competing interests.

Figures

Fig. 1
Fig. 1
Patient chart selection flow diagram
See this image and copyright information in PMC

References

    1. GBD 2015 DALYs and HALE Collaborators Global, regional, and national disability-adjusted life-years (DALYs) for 315 diseases and injuries and healthy life expectancy (HALE), 1990-2015: a systematic analysis for the Global Burden of Disease Study 2015. Lancet (London, England) 2016;388(10053):1603–1658. doi: 10.1016/S0140-6736(16)31460-X. - DOI - PMC - PubMed
    1. Thomas B, Matsushita K, Abate KH, Al-Aly Z, Ärnlöv J, Asayama K, Atkins R, Badawi A, Ballew SH, Banerjee A, Barregård L, Barrett-Connor E, Basu S, Bello AK, Bensenor I, Bergstrom J, Bikbov B, Blosser C, Brenner H, Carrero JJ, Global Burden of Disease Genitourinary Expert Group Global cardiovascular and renal outcomes of reduced GFR. J Am Soc Nephrology: JASN. 2017;28(7):2167–2179. doi: 10.1681/ASN.2016050562. - DOI - PMC - PubMed
    1. Go AS, Yang J, Tan TC, Cabrera CS, Stefansson BV, Greasley PJ, Ordonez JD, Kaiser Permanente Northern California CKD Outcomes Study Contemporary rates and predictors of fast progression of chronic kidney disease in adults with and without diabetes mellitus. BMC nephrology. 2018;19(1):146. doi: 10.1186/s12882-018-0942-1. - DOI - PMC - PubMed
    1. Groopman EE, Marasa M, Cameron-Christie S, Petrovski S, Aggarwal VS, Milo-Rasouly H, Li Y, Zhang J, Nestor J, Krithivasan P, Lam WY, Mitrotti A, Piva S, Kil BH, Chatterjee D, Reingold R, Bradbury D, DiVecchia M, Snyder H, Mu X, Gharavi AG. Diagnostic utility of exome sequencing for kidney disease. N Engl J Med. 2019;380(2):142–151. doi: 10.1056/NEJMoa1806891. - DOI - PMC - PubMed
    1. Luyckx VA, Tuttle KR, Garcia-Garcia G, Gharbi MB, Heerspink H, Johnson DW, Liu ZH, Massy ZA, Moe O, Nelson RG, Sola L, Wheeler DC, White SL. Reducing major risk factors for chronic kidney disease. Kidney International Supplements. 2017;7(2):71–87. doi: 10.1016/j.kisu.2017.07.003. - DOI - PMC - PubMed

Publication types