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. 2022 Aug 6;22(1):250.
doi: 10.1186/s12871-022-01783-6.

Procedural analgesic interventions in China: a national survey of 2198 hospitals

Yafeng Wang  1 , Feng Xu  1 , Shuai Zhao  1 , Linlin Han  1 , Shiqian Huang  1 , Hongyu Zhu  1 , Yuanyuan Ding  1 , Lulin Ma  1 , Wenjing Zhao  1 , Tianhao Zhang  1 , Xiangdong Chen  2 ; Pain Group of Chinese Society of Anesthesiology
Collaborators, Affiliations

Procedural analgesic interventions in China: a national survey of 2198 hospitals

Yafeng Wang et al. BMC Anesthesiol. .

Abstract

Background: Humane treatment requires the provision of appropriate sedation and analgesia during medical diagnosis and treatment. However, limited information is available about the status of procedural analgesic interventions in Chinese hospitals. Therefore, a nationwide survey was established to identify challenges and propose potential improvement strategies.

Methods: Forty-three members of the Pain Group of Chinese Society of Anesthesiology established and reviewed the questionnaire, which included (1) general information on the hospitals, (2) the sedation/analgesia rate in gastrointestinal endoscopy, labor, flexible bronchoscopy, hysteroscopy in China, (3) staff assignments, (4) drug use for procedural analgesic interventions, and (5) difficulties in procedural analgesic interventions. The data were obtained using an online questionnaire sent to the chief anesthesiologists of Chinese hospitals above Grade II or members of the Pain Group of Chinese Society of Anesthesiology.

Results: Valid and complete questionnaires were received from 2198 (44.0%) hospitals, of which 64.5% were Grade III. The overall sedation/analgesia rates were as follows: gastroscopy (50.6%), colonoscopy (53.7%), ERCP (65.9%), induced abortion (67.5%), labor (42.3%), hysteroscopy (67.0%) and fiber bronchoscopy (52.6%). Compared with Grade II hospitals, Grade III hospitals had a higher proportion of procedural analgesic interventions services except for induced abortion. On average (median [IQR]), each anesthesiologist performed 5.7 [2.3-11.4] cases per day, with 7.3 [3.2-13.6] performed in Grade III hospitals and 3.4 [1.8-6.8] performed in Grade II hospitals (z = -7.065, p < 0.001).

Conclusions: Chinese anesthesiologists have made great efforts to achieve procedural analgesic interventions, as evidenced by the increased rate. The uneven health care provided by hospitals at different levels and in different regions and the lack of anesthesiologists are the main barriers to optimal procedural analgesic interventions.

Keywords: Analgesia; China; Procedural analgesic interventions; Sedation; Survey.

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Conflict of interest statement

The authors declare that there are no conflicts of interest.

Figures

Fig. 1
Fig. 1
Number of questionnaires submitted and proportion of procedural analgesic interventions centers distributed in each region. (A) Number of questionnaires submitted by each region. (B) Proportion of procedural analgesic interventions centers by each region. (C) Population’s surveying ratio of Grade III hospitals. (D) Population’s surveying ratio of Grade II hospitals
Fig. 2
Fig. 2
Proportion of different kinds of procedural analgesic interventions in surveyed hospitals. (A) Percentage of surveyed hospitals providing procedural analgesic interventions. (B) Percentage of procedural analgesic interventions among the surveyed hospitals. ** p < 0.01 in comparisons with the Grade III hospital group
Fig. 3
Fig. 3
Difficulties and sedative and analgesic use during procedural analgesic interventions among the surveyed hospitals. (A) Difficulties during procedural analgesic interventions. (B) Sedative use during procedural analgesic interventions. (C) Opioids use during procedural analgesic interventions. (D) NSAIDs use during procedural analgesic interventions
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