Skip to main page content
U.S. flag

An official website of the United States government

Dot gov

The .gov means it’s official.
Federal government websites often end in .gov or .mil. Before sharing sensitive information, make sure you’re on a federal government site.

Https

The site is secure.
The https:// ensures that you are connecting to the official website and that any information you provide is encrypted and transmitted securely.

Access keys NCBI Homepage MyNCBI Homepage Main Content Main Navigation
Review
. 2022 Sep;11(3):369-384.
doi: 10.1007/s40119-022-00274-6. Epub 2022 Aug 7.

Evolving Presentation of Cardiogenic Shock: A Review of the Medical Literature and Current Practices

Neal Olarte  1 , Nina Thakkar Rivera  1 , Luanda Grazette  2
Affiliations
Review

Evolving Presentation of Cardiogenic Shock: A Review of the Medical Literature and Current Practices

Neal Olarte et al. Cardiol Ther. 2022 Sep.

Abstract

Cardiogenic shock (CS) remains a leading cause of morbidity and mortality among patients with cardiovascular disease. In the past, acute myocardial infarction was the leading cause of CS. However, in recent years, other etiologies, such as decompensated chronic heart failure, arrhythmia, valvular disease, and post-cardiotomy, each with distinct hemodynamic profiles, have risen in prevalence. The number of treatment options, particularly with regard to device-mediated therapy has also increased. In this review, we sought to survey the medical literature and provide an update on current practices.

Keywords: Cardiogenic shock; Heart failure; Hemodynamics; Inotrope; Mechanical circulatory support.

PubMed Disclaimer

Figures

Fig. 1
Fig. 1
Mortality risk by SCAI stages [54]. *Unadjusted mortality risk by SCAI stage at ICU admission from a retrospective analysis of 10,000 unique patients from a single center [55]
See this image and copyright information in PMC

References

    1. Chioncel O, Parissis J, Mebazaa A, Thiele H, Desch S, Bauersachs J, et al. Epidemiology, pathophysiology and contemporary management of cardiogenic shock—a position statement from the Heart Failure Association of the European Society of Cardiology. Eur J Heart Fail. 2020;22(8):1315–1341. doi: 10.1002/ejhf.1922. - DOI - PubMed
    1. Vahdatpour C, Collins D, Goldberg S. Cardiogenic shock. J Am Heart Assoc. 2019;8(8):e011991. doi: 10.1161/JAHA.119.011991. - DOI - PMC - PubMed
    1. van Diepen S, Katz JN, Albert NM, Henry TD, Jacobs AK, Kapur NK, et al. Contemporary management of cardiogenic shock: a scientific statement from the American Heart Association. Circulation. 2017;136(16):e232–e268. - PubMed
    1. Berg DD, Bohula EA, Morrow DA. Epidemiology and causes of cardiogenic shock. Curr Opin Crit Care. 2021;27(4):401–408. doi: 10.1097/MCC.0000000000000845. - DOI - PubMed
    1. Hochman JS, Sleeper LA, Webb JG, Sanborn TA, White HD, Talley D, et al. Early revascularization in acute myocardial infarction complicated by cardiogenic shock. N Engl J Med. 1999;341(9):625–634. doi: 10.1056/NEJM199908263410901. - DOI - PubMed

LinkOut - more resources