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. 2022 Sep:28:100419.
doi: 10.1016/j.ensci.2022.100419. Epub 2022 Jul 30.

Neurological manifestations by sex and age group in COVID-19 inhospital patients

Daniella Nunes Pereira  1 , Maria Aparecida Camargos Bicalho  1   2 , Alzira de Oliveira Jorge  1   3 , Angélica Gomides Dos Reis Gomes  4 , Alexandre Vargas Schwarzbold  5 , Anna Luiza Homan Araújo  6 , Christiane Corrêa Rodrigues Cimini  7   8   9 , Daniela Ponce  10 , Danyelle Romana Alves Rios  11   12 , Genna Maira Santos Grizende  13 , Euler Roberto Fernandes Manenti  14 , Fernando Anschau  15 , Fernando Graça Aranha  16 , Frederico Bartolazzi  17 , Joanna d'Arc Lyra Batista  18   19   20 , Julia Teixeira Tupinambás  21 , Karen Brasil Ruschel  22 , Maria Angélica Pires Ferreira  23 , Pedro Gibson Paraíso  24 , Silvia Ferreira Araújo  25 , Antonio Lucio Teixeira  26   27 , Milena Soriano Marcolino  28   9
Affiliations

Neurological manifestations by sex and age group in COVID-19 inhospital patients

Daniella Nunes Pereira et al. eNeurologicalSci. 2022 Sep.

Erratum in

Abstract

Introduction: Neurological manifestations have been associated with a poorer prognosis in COVID-19. However, data regarding their incidence according to sex and age groups is still lacking.

Methods: This retrospective multicentric cohort collected data from 39 Brazilian hospitals from 17 cities, from adult COVID-19 admitted from March 2020 to January 2022. Neurological manifestations presented at hospital admission were assessed according to incidence by sex and age group.

Results: From 13,603 COVID-19 patients, median age was 60 years old and 53.0% were men. Women were more likely to present with headaches (22.4% vs. 17.7%, p < 0.001; OR 1.36, 95% confidence interval [CI] 1.22-1.52) than men and also presented a lower risk of having seizures (OR 0.43, 95% CI 0.20-0.94). Although delirium was more frequent in women (6.6% vs. 5.7%, p = 0.020), sex was not associated with delirium in the multivariable logistc regresssion analysis. Delirium, syncope and coma increased with age (1.5% [18-39 years] vs. 22.4% [80 years or over], p < 0.001, OR 1.07, 95% CI 1.06-1.07; 0.7% vs. 1.7%, p = 0.002, OR 1.01, 95% CI 1.00-1.02; 0.2% vs. 1.3% p < 0.001, OR 1.04, 95% CI 1.02-1.06), while, headache (26.5% vs. 7.1%, OR 0.98, 95% CI 0.98-0.99), anosmia (11.4% vs. 3.3%, OR 0.99, 95% CI] 0.98-0.99 and ageusia (13.1% vs. 3.5%, OR 0.99, CI 0.98-0.99) decreased (p < 0.001 for all).

Conclusion: Older COVID-19 patients were more likely to present delirium, syncope and coma, while the incidence of anosmia, ageusia and headaches decreased with age. Women were more likely to present headache, and less likely to present seizures.

Keywords: ACE2, Angiotensin-converting enzyme 2; AD, Alzheimers disease; Age; BMI, Body mass index; CI, Confidence interval; CNS, Central nervous system; COPD, Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease; COVID-19; Delirium; IQR, Interquartile range; Neurological manifestations; OR, Odds ratio; Sex.

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