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. 2022 Jul 22:13:924173.
doi: 10.3389/fphar.2022.924173. eCollection 2022.

The incidence and risk factors analysis of acute kidney injury in hospitalized patients received diuretics: A single-center retrospective study

Ruiqiu Zhang  1 , Yanxin Liu  2 , Jia Cao  3 , Jiahui Lao  3 , Baobao Wang  4 , Siwen Li  1 , Xin Huang  1 , Fang Tang  3 , Xiao Li  1
Affiliations

The incidence and risk factors analysis of acute kidney injury in hospitalized patients received diuretics: A single-center retrospective study

Ruiqiu Zhang et al. Front Pharmacol. .

Abstract

Diuretics have been one of the well-known nephrotoxic drugs which can lead to acute kidney injury (AKI). However, there are few real-world studies on the incidence of AKI in hospitalized patients received diuretics. In the present study, a single-center retrospective study was conducted in our center. The clinical data of hospitalized patients received diuretics from January 2018 to December 2020 was retrospectively analyzed. Among the 18,148 hospitalized patients included in the study, 2,589 patients (14.26%) were judged as incidence with AKI, while only 252 patients were diagnosed with AKI in the medical record. Among diuretics drugs in the study, the incidence rate of AKI with torasemide was the highest with 21.62%, and hydrochlorothiazide had the lowest incidence rate (6.80%). The multiple logistic regression analysis suggested that complicated with hypertension, anemia, pneumonia, shock, sepsis, heart failure, neoplastic diseases, combined use of proton pump inhibitors (PPI) were independent risk factors for AKI related to diuretics. The logic regression models for diuretics related AKI were developed based on the included data. The model for diuretics-AKI achieved the area under the receiver operating characteristic curves (AUC) with 0.79 on 10-fold cross validation. It is urgent to improve the understanding and attention of AKI in patients received diuretics for medical workers, and the assessment of risk factors before the use of diuretics should be contributed to the early prevention, diagnosis and treatment of AKI, and ultimately reducing morbidity and improving prognosis.

Keywords: acute kidney injury; diuretics; logic regression model; miss diagnosis; pharmacoepidemiology; risk factors.

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Conflict of interest statement

The authors declare that the research was conducted in the absence of any commercial or financial relationships that could be construed as a potential conflict of interest.

Figures

FIGURE 1
FIGURE 1
Performance of logic regression model for diuretics related AKI.
FIGURE 2
FIGURE 2
Performance of logic regression models for AKI related to torasemide and furosemide. (A) Torasemide; (B) furosemide.
See this image and copyright information in PMC

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