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. 2022 Dec:4:100303.
doi: 10.1016/j.puhip.2022.100303. Epub 2022 Jul 31.

A study of SARS-CoV-2 delta variant breakthrough infections and side effects of the Oxford-AstraZeneca vaccine

Nawfal R Hussein  1 , Bizav Naji Rasheed  2 , Ibrahim A Naqid  1 , Arshed Mustafa Dirbaz  3 , Zana Sidiq M Saleem  4 , Nashwan Ibrahim  4 , Dildar H Musa  4 , Sulav Muslih Mohammed  3
Affiliations

A study of SARS-CoV-2 delta variant breakthrough infections and side effects of the Oxford-AstraZeneca vaccine

Nawfal R Hussein et al. Public Health Pract (Oxf). 2022 Dec.

Abstract

Objective: This study aimed to investigate the breakthrough infection rate and safety profile of the AstraZeneca vaccine.

Methods: The breakthrough COVID-19 infection rate was defined as a positive polymerase chain reaction test 14 days after the vaccine dose. Safety was assessed as local reactions and systemic events that occurred within 14 days of receiving vaccine doses.

Results: The average age of the 265 participants was 43.85 years and 169 (63.77%) were male. . After the second dose, 18 (6.71%) participants contracted the infection. The SARS-CoV-2 delta variant was responsible for all infections but no participants required hospitalisation. We found significant correlations between post-vaccination IgG levels and post-vaccination infection (P = 0.001; odds ratio [OR] = 0.959; 95% Confidence interval [CI]: 0.944-0.974), and between a history of previous infection and post-vaccination infection rates (P = 0.005; OR = 0.1; 95%CI:0.009-0.6). IgG levels were significantly higher in women than in men (P = 0.006) and in patients who developed side effects after vaccination than in those without side effects (P = 0.04). A significant association was found between a history of COVID-19 infection prior to vaccination and IgG levels (P = 0.001).

Conclusions: The vaccine is effective in preventing severe disease, with few side effects.

Keywords: COVID-19; Efficacy; Infection; SARS-CoV-2; Vaccine side effect.

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