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. 2022 Jul 22:9:925642.
doi: 10.3389/fnut.2022.925642. eCollection 2022.

The Pulsed Electric Field Assisted-Extraction Enhanced the Yield and the Physicochemical Properties of Soluble Dietary Fiber From Orange Peel

Rui Fan  1 , Lei Wang  2   3 , Jingfang Fan  4 , Wanqiu Sun  5 , Hui Dong  6
Affiliations

The Pulsed Electric Field Assisted-Extraction Enhanced the Yield and the Physicochemical Properties of Soluble Dietary Fiber From Orange Peel

Rui Fan et al. Front Nutr. .

Abstract

The study aimed to investigate the effects of pulsed electric field (PEF)-assisted extraction on the yield, physicochemical properties, and structure of soluble dietary fiber (SDF) from orange peel. The results showed that the optinal parameters of PEF assisted extraction SDF was temperature of 45oC with the electric field intensity of 6.0 kV/cm, pulses number of 30, and time of 20min and SDF treated with PEF showed the higher water solubility, water-holding and oil-holding capacity, swelling capacity, emulsifying activity, emulsion stability, foam stability and higher binding capacity for Pb2+, As3+, Cu2+, and higher which resulted from the higher viscosity due to PEF treatment. Compared with the untreated orange peel, the SDF obtained with PEF exhibited stronger antioxidant activities, which was due to its smaller molecular weight (189 vs. 512 kDa). In addition, scanning electron micrograph images demonstrated that the surface of PEF-SDF was rough and collapsed. Overall, it was suggested that PEF treatment could improve the physicochemical properties of SDF from the orange peel and would be the potential extraction technology with high efficiency.

Keywords: extraction; orange peel; physicochemical properties; pulsed electric field; soluble dietary fiber.

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Conflict of interest statement

WS was employed by Beijing institute of nutritional resources Co., Ltd. The remaining authors declare that the research was conducted in the absence of any commercial or financial relationships that could be construed as a potential conflict of interest. The authors declare that this study received funding from key Science and Technology Projects of Hebei Province of China (No. 19227516D) and China Postdoctoral Science Foundation - China (2019BH029). The funder was not involved in the study design, collection, analysis, interpretation of data, the writing of this article, and the decision to submit it for publication.

Figures

Figure 1
Figure 1
Schematic diagram of PEF system.
Figure 2
Figure 2
The rheological properties of SDF from the orange peel. (A) the storage and loss modulus for the SDF by PEF and control (G′ opened symbols, G′′ closed symbols); (B) viscosity for the SDF by PEF and control; (C) sheer stress for the SDF by PEF and control. PEF treatment parameters: electric field intensities 6.0 kV/cm, the number of pulses 30, the extraction time of 20 min, liquid-solid ratios of 15:1 and temperature of 45°C.
Figure 3
Figure 3
The effects of different parameters on the SDF yield from the orange peel. (A) SDF yield vs. time for all pulse electric field intensity with 30 number; (B) SDF yield vs. time for all pulse numbers at the constant of 6 kV/cm; (C) SDF yield for all temperatures of the constant of 6 kV/cm, 30 number and liquid-solid ratios of 15:1; (D) SDF yield for all liquid-solid ratios of the constant of 6 kV/cm, 30 number, and temperature of 45°C. Means with different letters are significantly different (p < 0.05).
Figure 4
Figure 4
Effects of PEF and control SDF from orange peel on antioxidant activity. (A) DPPH radical scavenging capacities; (B) ABTS radical scavenging capacities; (C) ferric ion reducing capacity. Mean values with different letters are significantly different (p < 0.05). PEF treatment parameters: electric field intensities 6.0 kV/cm, the number of pulses 30, the extraction time of 20min, liquid-solid ratios of 15:1 and temperature of 45°C. The results were expressed as mean ± standard deviation (n = 3), the different letters indicated that the difference was significant (P < 0.05) and the same letter was expressed as insignificant difference.
Figure 5
Figure 5
The DSC analytical curve of the SDF from orange peel (solid line: treated by PEF, dotted line: untreated). PEF treatment parameters: electric field intensities 6.0 kV/cm, the number of pulses 30, the extraction time of 20 min, liquid-solid ratios of 15:1 and temperature of 45°C.
Figure 6
Figure 6
Effect of pulsed electric field treatment on the micro- and macrochange of the orange peel. (A) the ion release from orange peel; (B) orange peel cell membrane disintegration index [the total PEF treatment time (tPEF) was calculated by the equation tPEF = (pulse number, n) × (pulse width, s)]; (C) the texture properties of the orange peel. The results were expressed as mean ± standard deviation (n = 3), the different letters indicated that the difference was significant (P < 0.05) and the same letter was expressed as insignificant difference.
Figure 7
Figure 7
The cumulative weight fraction of the SDF from orange peel [(A) Control-SDF, (B) PEF-SDF]. PEF treatment parameters: electric field intensities 6.0 kV/cm, the number of pulses 30, the extraction time of 20min, liquid-solid ratios of 15:1 and temperature of 45°C.
Figure 8
Figure 8
Scanning electron microcopy (SEM) images of the SDF from orange peel [(a) control, (b) treated by PEF at electric field intensities 6.0 kV/cm and the number of pulses 30). PEF treatment parameters: electric field intensities 6.0 kV/cm, the number of pulses 30, the extraction time of 20 min, liquid-solid ratios of 15:1 and temperature of 45°C.
Figure 9
Figure 9
The mechanism of PEF assisted-extraction of the SDF from orange peel.
See this image and copyright information in PMC

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