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. 2022 Aug 8;17(8):e0271869.
doi: 10.1371/journal.pone.0271869. eCollection 2022.

Negative emotional reactions to criticism: Perceived criticism and source affects extent of hurt and relational distancing

Michelle Jin Yee Neoh  1 , Jia Hui Teng  1 , Albert Lee  1 , Peipei Setoh  1 , Claudio Mulatti  2 , Gianluca Esposito  1   2   3
Affiliations

Negative emotional reactions to criticism: Perceived criticism and source affects extent of hurt and relational distancing

Michelle Jin Yee Neoh et al. PLoS One. .

Abstract

Criticism is commonly perceived as hurtful and individuals may respond differently to criticism originating from different sources. However, the influence of an individual's perception of criticism in their social relationships on negative emotional reactions to criticism has not been examined across different relational contexts. The present study investigated the influence of perceived criticism and relational contexts-mother, father, romantic partner, and workplace supervisor-on the feelings of hurt and relational distancing experienced upon receiving criticism. Participants (N = 178) completed the Perceived Criticism Measure and read vignettes describing scenarios of personally directed criticism in the four relational contexts. Significant main effects of perceived criticism and source were found on levels of relational distancing. Participants who perceived their relational partner to be more critical experienced greater distancing upon receiving criticism from them. Greater relational distancing was experienced for criticism received from workplace supervisors compared to mothers, fathers and romantic partners. Results indicate that emotional reactions and relationship outcomes in response to criticism can differ based on individual differences and relational context, suggesting their role in relationship maintenance and development of psychopathology.

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Conflict of interest statement

The authors have declared that no competing interests exist.

Figures

Fig 1
Fig 1. Plot of means of relational distancing by perceived criticism group.
Note. (i) H: High, L: Low.
Fig 2
Fig 2. Plot of means of relational distancing by source.
Note. (i) F: Father, (ii) M: Mother, (iii) P: Partner and (iv) S: Supervisor.
See this image and copyright information in PMC

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