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. 2023 May;17(2):424-430.
doi: 10.1055/s-0042-1747951. Epub 2022 Aug 9.

Immunohistochemical Expression of Programmed Death Ligand 1 in Oral Extranodal Diffuse Large B Cell Lymphoma

Rania Hanafi Mahmoud Said  1   2 , Fatma F Hussein  3   4 , Amal M El-Deeb  2   5
Affiliations

Immunohistochemical Expression of Programmed Death Ligand 1 in Oral Extranodal Diffuse Large B Cell Lymphoma

Rania Hanafi Mahmoud Said et al. Eur J Dent. 2023 May.

Abstract

Objective: Lymphomas are the third most common cancer after squamous cell carcinoma and salivary gland tumors. Extranodal diffuse B cell lymphoma (DBCL) represents 30 to 58% of non-Hodgkin's lymphoma. One of the major problems of DBCL is the high likelihood of disease relapse following treatment. A recent trend in the treatment of diffuse large B cell lymphoma (DLBCL) is blockage of an immune checkpoint inhibitor that targets the programmed death of cell ligand 1 receptors (PD-L1). PD-L1 activation results in negative regulatory signals that induce apoptosis and inhibit tumor antigen-specific T cells allowing immune evasion of the tumor.The aim of this aim is to measure the expression level of PD-L1 on oral tissue samples from DLBCL patients using immunohistochemistry.

Materials and methods: This current study was performed at the Faculty of Dentistry, Tanta University, Egypt. Ethical approval was conducted from Faculty of Dentistry, Tanta University. Tissue samples were collected from 13 patients diagnosed with oral extranodal DLBCL) nongerminal center B cell like subtype. Both hematoxylin and eosin and immunohistochemical staining (The avidin-biotin-complex procedure) was performed with anti-PD-L1 antibody (clone number: 28-8, Abcam, Cambridge, Massachusetts, United States).Cytoplasmic and/or membranous positive intensity was graded as follows: very mild staining, mild staining, moderate staining, and intense staining using Image J, 1.41a (National Institutes of Health, United States) image analysis software. The mean area fraction of the stained cells was calculated by counting immunostained cells in three fields of each case by two pathologists. Data was entered in SPSS program for analysis.

Results: PD-L1 was overexpressed on tumor cells of oral extranodal DLBCL than control cells from lesion free areas of oral tissues of the same patient.

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Conflict of interest statement

None declared.

Figures

Fig. 1
Fig. 1
Maxillary gingival enlargement induced by diffuse large B-cell lymphoma infiltration.
Fig. 2
Fig. 2
Large mass involving gingival tissue of left second and third mandibular molars and extending to obliterate mucobuccal fold.
Fig. 3
Fig. 3
A photomicrograph of extranodal diffuse large B-cell lymphoma showing aggregations of proliferated large B cells with rounded, oval, irregular nuclei (may be lobulated), distinct nucleoli, and scanty cytoplasm (hematoxylin and eosin Orig.mag.X20).
Fig. 4
Fig. 4
Photomicrographs showing extranodal diffuse large B-cell lymphoma aggregations of proliferated large B cells with pleomorphism and hyperchromatism. The cells show rounded, oval, irregular nuclei (may be lobulated), distinct nucleoli, and scanty cytoplasm.
Fig. 5
Fig. 5
Photomicrographs showing extranodal diffuse large B-cell lymphoma aggregations of proliferated large B cells with pleomorphism and hyperchromatism. The cells show rounded, oval, irregular nuclei (may be lobulated), distinct nucleoli, and scanty cytoplasm ( Fig. 4 hematoxylin and eosin Orig.mag.X10 and Fig. 5 Orig.mag.X20).
Fig. 6
Fig. 6
A photomicrograph showing very mild immunoexpression of programmed death of cell ligand 1 (PD-L1) in group C (PD-L1 antibody Orig.mag. X10).
Fig. 7
Fig. 7
A photomicrograph showing mild cytoplasmic membrane staining for programmed death of cell ligand 1 (PD-L1) in group T (PD-L1 antibody Orig.mag.X10).
Fig. 8
Fig. 8
A photomicrograph showing mild cytoplasmic membrane staining for programmed death of cell ligand 1 (PD-L1) in group T (PD-L1 antibody Orig.mag.X10).
Fig. 9
Fig. 9
A photomicrograph showing moderate cytoplasmic membrane that stains for programmed death of cell ligand 1 (PD-L1) in group T (PD-L1 antibody Orig.mag.X20).
Fig. 10
Fig. 10
A photomicrograph showing intense cytoplasmic membrane staining for programmed death of cell ligand 1 (PD-L1) in group T (PD-L1 antibody Orig.mag.X20).
Fig. 11
Fig. 11
A photomicrograph showing intense cytoplasmic membrane that stains for programmed death of cell ligand 1 (PD-L1) in group T (PD-L1 antibody Orig.mag.X20).
Fig. 12
Fig. 12
Correlation between immunoexpression between the expression of anti-programmed death of cell ligand 1 (PD-L1) in tumor areas and the age of patients (Pearson test).
See this image and copyright information in PMC

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