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Review
. 2022 Nov;395(11):1357-1372.
doi: 10.1007/s00210-022-02279-3. Epub 2022 Aug 10.

Cardiovascular protection by DPP-4 inhibitors in preclinical studies: an updated review of molecular mechanisms

Esraa M Zakaria  1 , Walaa M Tawfeek  2 , Mohamed H Hassanin  2 , Mohammed Y Hassaballah  2
Affiliations
Review

Cardiovascular protection by DPP-4 inhibitors in preclinical studies: an updated review of molecular mechanisms

Esraa M Zakaria et al. Naunyn Schmiedebergs Arch Pharmacol. 2022 Nov.

Abstract

Dipeptidyl peptidase 4 (DPP4) inhibitors are a class of antidiabetic medications that cause glucose-dependent increase in incretins in diabetic patients. One of the two incretins, glucagon-like peptide-1 (GLP-1), beside its insulinotropic activity, has been studied for extra pancreatic effects. Most of DPP4 inhibitors (DPP4i) have been investigated in in vivo and in vitro models of diabetic and nondiabetic cardiovascular diseases including heart failure, hypertension, myocardial ischemia or infarction, atherosclerosis, and stroke. Results of preclinical studies proved prominent therapeutic potential of DPP4i in cardiovascular diseases, regardless the presence of diabetes. This review aims to present an updated summary of the cardiovascular protective and therapeutic effects of DPP4 inhibitors through the past 5 years focusing on the molecular mechanisms beneath these effects. Additionally, based on the results summary presented here, future studies may be conducted to elucidate or illustrate some of these findings which can add clinical benefits towards management of diabetic cardiovascular complications.

Keywords: Cardiovascular disease; DPP4 inhibitors; Diabetes; Dipeptidyl peptidase 4 (DPP4); Gliptins; Glucagon-like peptide-1 (GLP-1).

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Conflict of interest statement

The authors declare no competing interests.

Figures

Fig. 1
Fig. 1
Biological consequences of DPP4 inhibition
Fig. 2
Fig. 2
A summary of molecular mechanisms that underly cardiovascular protective effects of gliptins
See this image and copyright information in PMC

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