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. 2022 Jul 15;24(3):313.
doi: 10.3892/ol.2022.13433. eCollection 2022 Sep.

Simultaneous pathological findings in biopsy specimens of patients with surgically resected lung carcinoids and their role in survival

Vasiliki Epameinondas Georgakopoulou  1 , Eleftherios Zygouris  2 , Petros Papalexis  3   4 , Aikaterini Gkoufa  5 , Christos Damaskos  6   7 , Aikaterini Pierrakou  8 , Konstantinos Mantzouranis  9 , Serafeim Chlapoutakis  10 , Aikaterini Aravantinou-Fatorou  5 , Pagona Sklapani  11 , Nikolaos Trakas  12 , Jim Janinis  2 , Jubrail Dahabreh  2 , Demetrios A Spandidos  13
Affiliations

Simultaneous pathological findings in biopsy specimens of patients with surgically resected lung carcinoids and their role in survival

Vasiliki Epameinondas Georgakopoulou et al. Oncol Lett. .

Abstract

Pulmonary carcinoid tumors are rare, low-grade malignant tumors that constitute 1-2% of all lung tumors. The present study aimed to describe the simultaneous pathological findings in biopsy specimens of patients with surgically resected lung carcinoids and determine their association with survival rates. For this purpose, 108 patients with resected carcinoid lung tumors were followed-up for 96 months and analyzed for simultaneous pathological findings in biopsy specimens. Among these, simultaneous pathological findings were found in 82 patients. The association between these findings and patient survival rates was evaluated. Atelectasis was a simultaneous finding in 52.4% of the patients, desquamative interstitial pneumonia (DIP) in 13.4%, emphysema in 24.4% and bronchiectasis in 9.8%. The survival rate was 100% for the patients with atelectasis, 81.8% for the patients with DIP, 90% for the patients with emphysema and 75% for the patients with bronchiectasis (P<0.05). According to the univariate analysis, the type of carcinoid was associated with patient survival with better survival rates for patients with typical carcinoids, while age, sex, stage and simultaneous pathological findings were not associated with patient survival. On the whole, there was a statistically significant difference in the survival rates of patients with resected lung carcinoids with different simultaneous pathological findings. However, further studies are warranted to assess the role of these findings in the survival of these patients.

Keywords: atelectasis; bronchiectasis; desquamative interstitial pneumonia; emphysema; lung carcinoids; neuroendocrine tumors.

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Conflict of interest statement

DAS is the Editor-in-Chief for the journal, but had no personal involvement in the reviewing process, or any influence in terms of adjudicating on the final decision, for this article. The other authors declare that they have no competing interests.

Figures

Figure 1.
Figure 1.
Survival rates based on simultaneous pathology findings. The x-axis represents months from surgery, and the y-axis represents the proportion of surviving patients. (Survival among patients with different pathological findings: atelectasis, emphysema, bronchiectasis and desquamative interstitial pneumonia; P=0.001). dip, desquamative interstitial pneumonia.
Figure 2.
Figure 2.
Hematoxylin and eosin staining; original magnification, ×100. Simultaneous pathological finding in surgically resected typical carcinoid indicating atelectasis with markedly compressed alveoli.
Figure 3.
Figure 3.
Hematoxylin and eosin staining; original magnification, ×40. Simultaneous pathological finding in surgically resected typical carcinoid indicating emphysematous lung, with enlarged air-spaces, and fragmented and ‘free-floating’ alveolar septa.
Figure 4.
Figure 4.
Hematoxylin and eosin staining; original magnification, ×40. Simultaneous pathological finding in surgically resected typical carcinoid indicating bronchiectasis with dilated bronchi.
Figure 5.
Figure 5.
Hematoxylin and eosin staining; original magnification, ×100. Simultaneous pathological finding in surgically resected typical carcinoid: Desquamative interstitial pneumonia-like pattern. Alveolar spaces filled with abundant macrophages were also observed, which contain cytoplasmic finely granular brown pigment.
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