Medial Tibial Stress Syndrome: A Review Article

Abstract

Leg pain caused by recurrent stressors is known as shin pain, also known as the medial tibial stress syndrome (MTSS). Athletes, particularly runners, are more vulnerable. As a result, runners devote little time to practice and avoid exercises completely. The precise cause is yet to be identified. Microdamage caused by recurrent stressors has been proposed as the fundamental mechanism in other investigations. Gender, navicular bone loss, higher body mass index, activities of high intensity, and increased range in external hip rotation in males are all risk factors. A common complaint is a bilateral pain in the distal leg, primarily on the anterior and medial sides. Pain is exacerbated by activity and eased by relaxation. Particularly, pain and swelling in the posterior and medial aspects of the tibia, as well as other causative symptoms, may be discovered during the examination. To rule out alternate origins of the same symptoms, imaging modalities such as computed tomography, radiography, bone scintigraphy, and magnetic resonance imaging might be used. Preventative measures include shock-absorbing insoles, repetitive stress avoidance, and effective treatment of repetitive stress disorder and anatomical abnormalities. Rest, ice, and pain medications are the most common treatments.

Keywords: conservative management; exertional leg pain; medial tibial stress syndrome; runners; shin pain.