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. 2022 Jul 28;22(15):5648.
doi: 10.3390/s22155648.

Implementation of ISO/IEEE 11073 PHD SpO2 and ECG Device Specializations over Bluetooth HDP following Health Care Profile for Smart Living

Alexandra Cristobal-Huerta  1 , Angel Torrado-Carvajal  1   2 , Cristina Rodriguez-Sanchez  1 , Juan Antonio Hernandez-Tamames  1 , Maria Luaces  3 , Susana Borromeo  1   2
Affiliations

Implementation of ISO/IEEE 11073 PHD SpO2 and ECG Device Specializations over Bluetooth HDP following Health Care Profile for Smart Living

Alexandra Cristobal-Huerta et al. Sensors (Basel). .

Abstract

Current m-Health scenarios in the smart living era, as the interpretation of the smart city at each person's level, present several challenges associated with interoperability between different clinical devices and applications. The Continua Health Alliance establishes design guidelines to standardize application communication to guarantee interoperability among medical devices. In this paper, we describe the implementation of two IEEE agents for oxygen saturation level (SpO2) measurements and electrocardiogram (ECG) data acquisition, respectively, and a smartphone IEEE manager for validation. We developed both IEEE agents over the Bluetooth Health Device Profile following the Continua guidelines and they are part of a telemonitoring system. This system was evaluated in a sample composed of 10 volunteers (mean age 29.8 ± 7.1 y/o; 5 females) under supervision of an expert cardiologist. The evaluation consisted of measuring the SpO2 and ECG signal sitting and at rest, before and after exercising for 15 min. Physiological measurements were assessed and compared against commercial devices, and our expert physician did not find any relevant differences in the ECG signal. Additionally, the system was assessed when acquiring and processing different heart rate data to prove that warnings were generated when the heart rate was under/above the thresholds for bradycardia and tachycardia, respectively.

Keywords: Bluetooth HDP; Continua Health Alliance guidelines; ISO/IEEE standards; SpO2; digital signal processors (DSPs); electrocardiography; telemedicine.

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Conflict of interest statement

The authors declare no conflict of interest.

Figures

Figure 1
Figure 1
Organization and dependencies of the protocols established by the Continua Health Alliance, over the Open Systems Interconnection (OSI) model.
Figure 2
Figure 2
IEEE agent for physiological data acquisition, processing, and transmission (left); and IEEE manager smartphone application for patient empowerment (right).
Figure 3
Figure 3
Architecture of the IEEE agent in our framework showing the acquisition, processing, and transmission hardware.
Figure 4
Figure 4
Example of connection establishment sequence between a manager and a SpO2 IEEE agent implemented in the iWRAP firmware. This figure shows the syntax and the order of the commands exchanged.
Figure 5
Figure 5
Representation of the different object classes in the ISO/IEEE 11073-10406 Basic ECG device specialization.
Figure 6
Figure 6
Graphical user interface of the ECG Android application, in which the Bluetooth connection status, the date and hour, heart rate, and ECG waveform are shown.
See this image and copyright information in PMC

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