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. 2022 Aug 15;27(4):e2220298.
doi: 10.1590/2177-6709.27.4.e2220298.oar. eCollection 2022.

Probable awake bruxism - prevalence and associated factors: a cross-sectional study

Priscila Brenner Hilgenberg-Sydney  1 , Ana Laura Lorenzon  1 , Giovanna Pimentel  1 , Ricardo Rasmussen Petterle  2 , Daniel Bonotto  1
Affiliations

Probable awake bruxism - prevalence and associated factors: a cross-sectional study

Priscila Brenner Hilgenberg-Sydney et al. Dental Press J Orthod. .

Abstract
in English, Portuguese

Introduction: Bruxism is defined as a repetitive activity of masticatory muscles, characterized by the clenching or grinding of the teeth, which can occur during wakefulness (awake bruxism) or during sleep (sleep bruxism).

Objectives: The objectives of the present study were to determine the prevalence of awake bruxism and its associated factors.

Methods: Sample was composed by 50 participants of both genders, aged between 18 and 60 years, submitted to a clinical examination - to observe the presence of tooth wear, marks on the mucosa, or masseter muscles hypertrophy - and self-applied questionnaires, which evaluated the presence of TMD signs and symptoms, oral behaviors, lifestyles, anxiety level and sleep quality.

Results: The prevalence of awake bruxism was 48%. Its presence was statistically and significantly associated with the presence of signs and symptoms of TMD (p= 0.002), poor sleep quality (p = 0.032), buccal mucosa indentations (p < 0.001) and tongue (p = 0.011). Age, gender, social characteristics, habits (such as coffee ingestion, smoking, alcoholism and physical activity) and tooth wear were variables that had no significant association with awake bruxism.

Conclusions: It was concluded that awake bruxism shows a high prevalence and a positive association with signs and symptoms of TMD and worst sleep quality. In addition, awake bruxism is more likely to occur in individuals who have buccal mucosa indentation and who present high rates of oral habits and oral behaviors.

Introdução:: O bruxismo é definido como a atividade repetitiva dos músculos mastigatórios, e pode ocorrer durante o período acordado (bruxismo em vigília) ou durante o sono (bruxismo do sono).

Objetivo:: O presente estudo teve como objetivo avaliar a prevalência de bruxismo em vigília e seus fatores associados.

Métodos:: A amostra foi composta por 50 participantes, de ambos os sexos, com idades de 18 a 60 anos, avaliados por meio de minucioso exame clínico - para observar se havia presença de sinais como desgaste dentário, indentações na mucosa, hipertrofia do músculo masseter - e de questionários autoaplicáveis que visaram avaliar a presença de sinais e sintomas de disfunção temporomandibular (DTM), os comportamentos orais e hábitos de vida, o nível de ansiedade e a qualidade de sono dos participantes.

Resultados:: A prevalência de bruxismo em vigília foi de 48%. Sua presença foi associada, estatística e significativamente, com a presença de sinais e sintomas de DTM (p= 0,002), má qualidade do sono (p= 0,032), e indentações na mucosa jugal (p< 0,001) e língua (p= 0,011). Por outro lado, a idade, sexo, características sociais, hábitos (como ingestão de café, fumo, álcool e prática de atividade física), e o desgaste dentário foram variáveis que não tiveram associação com o bruxismo em vigília.

Conclusão:: Diante disso, conclui-se que o bruxismo em vigília possui uma prevalência significativa e uma associação positiva com DTM e qualidade do sono. Além disso, o bruxismo em vigília apresenta maior probabilidade de acontecer em indivíduos com indentação de mucosa jugal e com alta prevalência de hábitos e comportamentos orais.

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Conflict of interest statement

The authors report no commercial, proprietary or financial interest in the products or companies described in this article.

Figures

Figure 1:
Figure 1:. Probability of PAB diagnosis based on the OBC score in individuals with and without buccal mucosa indentations. OBC: Oral Behaviors Checklist; PAB: probable awake bruxism.
See this image and copyright information in PMC

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