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. 2022 Nov 30;18(6):2104058.
doi: 10.1080/21645515.2022.2104058. Epub 2022 Aug 17.

Immunogenicity evaluation of ChAdox1 nCov-19 (AZD1222) vaccine in solid cancer patients in Chulabhorn Hospital

Piyarat Limpawittayakul  1 , Prakongboon Sungkasubun  1 , Worawit Chaiwiriyawong  1 , Archara Supavavej  1 , Bowon Weerasubpong  1 , Jomtana Siripaibun  1 , Chumut Phanthunane  1 , Wisut Lamlertthon  2 , Teerapat Ungtrakul  2 , Kriangkrai Tawinprai  3 , Walaipan Tantiyavarong  1 , Chayanee Samdaengpan  1
Affiliations

Immunogenicity evaluation of ChAdox1 nCov-19 (AZD1222) vaccine in solid cancer patients in Chulabhorn Hospital

Piyarat Limpawittayakul et al. Hum Vaccin Immunother. .

Abstract

Introduction: Cancer patients are more vulnerable to coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) owing to their compromised immune status. However, data regarding COVID-19 vaccine safety and immune response in cancer patients are scarce.

Method: This prospective, age- and sex-matched, single-center cohort study included 61 cancer patients and 122 healthy control participants. Seropositivity was defined as anti-S IgG titer >0.8 units/ml. Primary end point was seroconversion rate of immunoglobulin (Ig)G antibodies against the severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) spike (S) protein (anti-S IgG) in cancer patients vs. healthy control participants following the second dose of COVID-19 vaccine ChAdOx1 nCoV-19 (AZD1222).

Results: After the second-dose vaccination, there was no difference in seropositivity rate between groups (57 [93.44%] patients with cancer vs. 121 [99.18%] control participants; geometric mean ratio [GMR]: 0.39; 95%CI: 0.01-10.46; p-value = 0.571). In contrast, after the first-dose vaccination, the seropositivity rate was significantly lower in the cancer patients than in the control participants (50/61 [81.97%] vs. 121/122 [99.18%]; GMR: 0.07; 95%CI: 0.01-0.71; p = 0.025). The median anti-S IgG titer after the first-and second dose vaccination were not significantly different between groups. Female sex was significantly associated with a higher anti-S IgG titer. 5FU- and taxane-based chemotherapy regimens were associated with a lower IgG titer. Side effects of vaccination were tolerable.

Conclusions: The anti-S IgG seropositivity rate after completing the second vaccine dose did not differ between the cancer patients and control participants. However, the anti-S IgG seropositivity rate after the first-dose vaccination was lower in cancer patients.

Keywords: AZD1222; ChAdox1 nCov-19; seropositivity; solid cancer; titer; vaccine.

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Conflict of interest statement

No potential conflict of interest was reported by the author(s).

Figures

Figure 1.
Figure 1.
Side effect occurrence within 1 week of receiving a dose of AZD1222. (a–d) Side effects that occurred within 1 week following the first (a, b) or second (c, d) vaccination dose in the cancer patient group (a, c) or healthy control group (b, d).
See this image and copyright information in PMC

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