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. 2022 Aug;10(4):e002890.
doi: 10.1136/bmjdrc-2022-002890.

The 12-Item Hypoglycemia Impact Profile (HIP12): psychometric validation of a brief measure of the impact of hypoglycemia on quality of life among adults with type 1 or type 2 diabetes

Melanie Broadley  1 , Hannah Chatwin  2 , Uffe Søholm  2 , Stephanie A Amiel  3 , Jill Carlton  4 , Bastiaan E De Galan  5   6 , Christel Hendrieckx  7   8 , Rory J McCrimmon  9 , Søren E Skovlund  10   11 , Frans Pouwer  2   12 , Jane Speight  2   7   8 ; Hypo-RESOLVE Consortium
Collaborators, Affiliations

The 12-Item Hypoglycemia Impact Profile (HIP12): psychometric validation of a brief measure of the impact of hypoglycemia on quality of life among adults with type 1 or type 2 diabetes

Melanie Broadley et al. BMJ Open Diabetes Res Care. 2022 Aug.

Abstract

Introduction: The aim of this study was to determine the psychometric properties of the 12-Item Hypoglycemia Impact Profile (HIP12), a brief measure of the impact of hypoglycemia on quality of life (QoL) among adults with type 1 (T1D) or type 2 diabetes (T2D).

Research design and methods: Adults with T1D (n=1071) or T2D (n=194) participating in the multicountry, online study, 'Your SAY: Hypoglycemia', completed the HIP12. Psychometric analyses were undertaken to determine acceptability, structural validity, internal consistency, convergent/divergent validity, and known-groups validity.

Results: Most (98%) participants completed all items on the HIP12. The expected one-factor solution was supported for T1D, T2D, native English speaker, and non-native English speaker groups. Internal consistency was high across all groups (ω=0.91-0.93). Convergent and divergent validity were satisfactory. Known-groups validity was demonstrated for both diabetes types, by frequency of severe hypoglycemia (0 vs ≥1 episode in the past 12 months) and self-treated episodes (<2 vs 2-4 vs ≥5 per week). The measure also discriminated by awareness of hypoglycemia in those with T1D.

Conclusions: The HIP12 is an acceptable, internally consistent, and valid tool for assessing the impact of hypoglycemia on QoL among adults with T1D. The findings in the relatively small sample with T2D are encouraging and warrant replication in a larger sample.

Keywords: hypoglycemia; psychometrics; psychosocial issues; quality of life.

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Conflict of interest statement

Competing interests: None declared.

Figures

Figure 1
Figure 1
Domains of life (HIP12 items and nominated) and their associated impact. A score above 4 indicates negative impact, 4 indicates no impact, and below 4 indicates positive impact of hypoglycemia. Numerals beside each bar represent the number of participants contributing to each mean score. HIP12, 12-Item Hypoglycemia Impact Profile.
See this image and copyright information in PMC

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