Application Value of Nursing Intervention under the Guidance of Risk Prevention Management Concept in Preventing Vascular Access Infection in Patients Undergoing Maintenance Hemodialysis

Abstract

Objective: To explore the application value of nursing intervention under the guidance of risk prevention management concept in preventing vascular access infection in patients undergoing maintenance hemodialysis (MHD).

Methods: A total of 100 MHD patients who were admitted to the intensive care unit (ICU) of our hospital from May 2019 to May 2020 were enrolled. Based on the principle of double-blind grouping, patients were randomly divided into the risk management group and control group, with 50 cases in each group. The control group was given routine nursing, while the risk management group was given nursing intervention under the guidance of risk prevention management concept on the basis of the control group. The nursing intervention effect and incidence of vascular access infection were compared between the two groups. The psychological status and quality of life in both the groups were evaluated by the self-rating anxiety scale (SAS), self-rating depression scale (SDS), and Short Form 36 Health Survey (SF-36).

Results: After intervention, biochemical indexes (serum albumin, creatinine, and hemoglobin) and body mass in the risk management group were significantly higher than those in the control group, while malnutrition-inflammation score (MIS) was significantly lower than the control group (P < 0.05). After intervention, SAS and SDS scores in both the groups were significantly decreased, which were significantly lower in the risk management group than in the control group (P < 0.05). At 8 w and 12 w after intervention, incidence rates of vascular access infection in risk management group were significantly lower than those in the control group (10.00% vs. 26.00% and 12.00% vs. 34.00%, P < 0.05). After intervention, SF-36 scores in each dimension of both the groups were significantly increased, which were significantly higher in the risk management group than in the control group (P < 0.05).

Conclusion: The implementation of nursing intervention under the guidance of risk prevention management concept for MHD patients can effectively improve biochemical indexes, nutritional status, and body mass and reduce the incidence of vascular access infection, which is of great significance for improving psychological status and quality of life.