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Review
. 2022 Jun 28;28(24):2680-2688.
doi: 10.3748/wjg.v28.i24.2680.

Pancreatic involvement in celiac disease

Daniel Vasile Balaban  1 , Iulia Enache  1 , Marina Ciochina  1 , Alina Popp  2 , Mariana Jinga  1
Affiliations
Review

Pancreatic involvement in celiac disease

Daniel Vasile Balaban et al. World J Gastroenterol. .

Abstract

Celiac disease (CD) is well recognized as a systemic, chronic autoimmune disease mainly characterized by gluten-sensitive enteropathy in genetically predisposed individuals but with various extraintestinal features. One of the affected organs in CD is the pancreas, consisting of both endocrine and exocrine alterations. Over the last decades there has been increasing interest in the pancreatic changes in CD, and this has been reflected by a great number of publications looking at this extraintestinal involvement during the course of CD. While pancreatic endocrine changes in CD, focusing on type 1 diabetes mellitus, are well documented in the literature, the relationship with the exocrine pancreas has been less studied. This review summarizes currently available evidence with regard to pancreatic exocrine alterations in CD, focusing on risk of pancreatitis in CD patients, association with autoimmune pancreatitis, prevalence and outcomes of pancreatic exocrine insufficiency in newly diagnosed and gluten-free diet treated CD patients, and the link with cystic fibrosis. In addition, we discuss mechanisms behind the associated pancreatic exocrine impairment in CD and highlight the recommendations for clinical practice.

Keywords: Autoimmune; Celiac disease; Cystic fibrosis; Exocrine insufficiency; Pancreas; Pancreatitis.

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Conflict of interest statement

Conflict-of-interest statement: All the authors report no relevant conflicts of interest for this article.

Figures

Figure 1
Figure 1
Flow diagram of the article selection process.
Figure 2
Figure 2
Mechanism behind the increased pancreatitis risk in celiac disease patients.
See this image and copyright information in PMC

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