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. 2022 Aug 4:9:960674.
doi: 10.3389/fnut.2022.960674. eCollection 2022.

Biofabrication of Silver Nanoparticles (AgNPs) Using Embelin for Effective Therapeutic Management of Lung Cancer

Rutika R Jagtap  1 , Aniket Garud  2 , Shubhangi S Puranik  1 , Mithun Rudrapal  2 , Mohammad Azam Ansari  3 , Mohammad N Alomary  4 , Meshal Alshamrani  5 , Ahmad Salawi  5 , Yosif Almoshari  5 , Johra Khan  6   7 , Bhagyashri Warude  2
Affiliations

Biofabrication of Silver Nanoparticles (AgNPs) Using Embelin for Effective Therapeutic Management of Lung Cancer

Rutika R Jagtap et al. Front Nutr. .

Abstract

Nanobiotechnology is a burgeoning field of research with applications in cancer treatment, targeted chemotherapy, and molecular diagnosis. This study aims at the fabrication of silver nanoparticles using embelin derived from Embelia ribes to evaluate its anticancer property. Silver nanoparticles (AgNPs) have emerged as a novel nano-carrier for therapeutic agents with a wide range of medical capabilities due to their unique structural, physicochemical, and optical features. In our study, the particle size of fabricated AgNPs was measured as 25 nm, and the zeta potential was recorded as -5.42 mV, which indicates the good stability of embelin-derived AgNPs. The crystalline surface morphology was observed by SEM analysis. The FT-IR spectrum confirmed the reduction in silver ions (Ag+) by embelin, and the TEM analysis exhibited polydispersed Ag+ of 20-30 nm. The anticancer potential of embelin-fabricated AgNPs was investigated using in vitro studies on lung cancer cells by the MTT assay. The results revealed significant dose-dependent inhibition of cell proliferation against A549 cell lines. Embelin AgNP-induced apoptosis was measured by the annexin-V PI apoptosis assay, which exhibited significantly low necrotic cells as compared to apoptotic cells. Finally, the findings of our study suggest the anticancer potential of biofabricated embelin AgNPs, particularly against lung cancer cells.

Keywords: MTT assay; anticancer; apoptosis assay; biofabrication; embelin; lung cancer; silver nanoparticles.

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Conflict of interest statement

The authors declare that the research was conducted in the absence of any commercial or financial relationships that could be construed as a potential conflict of interest.

Figures

Figure 1
Figure 1
Chemical structure of embelin.
Figure 2
Figure 2
FESEM images of embelin-derived AgNP. (A) 1 μm and (B) 100 nm.
Figure 3
Figure 3
TEM images of embelin-derived AgNP. (A) 100 nm and (B) 20 nm.
Figure 4
Figure 4
Cell viability by MTT assay. A549 cells treated with embelin AgNPs.
Figure 5
Figure 5
Apoptosis occurred in (A) control cells, (B) embelin AgNP-treated cells, and (C) doxorubicin (standard)-treated cells at a concentration of 6 μg/ml. Quadrants are as follows: Q1, necrotic cells; Q2, late apoptotic cells; Q3, viable cells; and Q4, early apoptotic cells.
Figure 6
Figure 6
Annexin PI assay for apoptosis analysis. Emb, embelin; Doxo, doxorubicin.
See this image and copyright information in PMC

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