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. 2022 Feb 12:36:7.
doi: 10.47176/mjiri.36.7. eCollection 2022.

The Value of Sputum Polymerase Chain Reaction for Detection of Nontuberculous Mycobacteria in Cystic Fibrosis Patients with Negative Nontuberculous Mycobacteria Sputum Culture

Seyed Hossein Mirlohi  1 , Kambiz Eftekhari  2 , Rohola Shirzadi  1 , Abolfazl Fateh  3 , Morteza Masoumi  4 , Mohammadreza Modaresi  1
Affiliations

The Value of Sputum Polymerase Chain Reaction for Detection of Nontuberculous Mycobacteria in Cystic Fibrosis Patients with Negative Nontuberculous Mycobacteria Sputum Culture

Seyed Hossein Mirlohi et al. Med J Islam Repub Iran. .

Abstract

Background: Cystic Fibrosis (CF) is a life-threatening autosomal recessive disease. The purpose of this study was to evaluate the value of Polymerase Chain Reaction (PCR) in CF patients with Nontuberculous Mycobacteria (NTM) negative sputum culture. Methods: This is a descriptive cross-sectional study. The population included all children with CF, aged between 5 - 18 years old, with an NTM negative sputum culture. The patient's sputum samples were sent for smear and culture of NTM, RFLP PCR, and PCR sequence. Results: In total, 57 CF patients with negative NTM sputum culture were enrolled. Nine patients (15.78%) had positive sputum PCR for NTM. Among these strains, Mycobacterium simiae was the most common one with 5 cases (8.77% of total positive cases). Conclusion: PCR can be used as an alternative diagnostic method for NTM in CF patients with negative NTM sputum culture, always under clinical suspicion of the disease.

Keywords: Cystic Fibrosis; Nontuberculous Mycobacteria; Polymerase Chain Reaction; Sputum.

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