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. 2022 Aug 24;12(1):14408.
doi: 10.1038/s41598-022-18559-0.

Genetic diversity of Brazilian Bacillus thuringiensis isolates with toxicity against Aedes aegypti (Diptera: Culicidae)

Geysla da Costa Fernandes  1 , Dalton Kaynnan de Prado Costa  2 , Nayanne Santos de Oliveira  2 , Emanuelle Cristine Pereira de Sousa  3 , Déborah Heloísa Bittencourt Machado  4 , Ricardo Antonio Polanczyk  5 , Herbert Álvaro Abreu de Siqueira  6 , Maria Cleoneide da Silva  7
Affiliations

Genetic diversity of Brazilian Bacillus thuringiensis isolates with toxicity against Aedes aegypti (Diptera: Culicidae)

Geysla da Costa Fernandes et al. Sci Rep. .

Abstract

Bacillus thuringiensis (Bt) isolates native to Maranhão (BtMA) that are highly toxic to Aedes aegypti larvae and seven standard subspecies of Bt were analyzed for genetic diversity using the rep-PRC technique with BOX, ERIC, REP, MB1, and GTG5 markers. The rep-PCR technique is considered an extremely reliable, reproducible, fast and highly discriminatory technique that may be used even among populations of the same species. These five markers revealed a total of 38 polymorphic DNA fragments for 30 BtMA isolates. Eight groups were obtained with the dendrogram generated through Pearson's correlation analysis, with four groups formed only with BtMA isolates and four comprised of isolates of BtMA and the standard subspecies toxic to dipterans and lepidopterans. Despite the high genetic diversity of BtMA, a low correlation between the collection site, gene content and mortality against A. aegypti larvae was evidenced. The clustering of the standard subspecies of Bt that were toxic against dipterans with BtMA isolates confirm the mosquitocidal action of the native isolates from Maranhão, and they can be used as an alternative for A. aegypti control and other insects of medical importance and for the control of agricultural pests.

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Conflict of interest statement

The authors declare no competing interests.

Figures

Figure 1
Figure 1
Rep-PCR fingerprint showing the amplification of the BOX (a), ERIC (b), REP (c), MB1 (d) and GTG5 (e) molecular markers in 30 isolates of Bacillus thuringiensis and seven standard subspecies. MM: Molecular marker; Bta: B. thuringiensis aizawai; Bte: B. thuringiensis entomocidus; Btf: B. thuringiensis fukuokaensis; Bti: B. thuringiensis israelensis; Btk: B. thuringiensis kurstaki; Bts: B. thuringiensis sotto; Bty: B. thuringiensis yunnanensis; BtMA: Bacillus thuringiensis from Maranhão; NC: negative control.
Figure 2
Figure 2
Dendrogram produced by cluster analysis (UPGMA) based on the Jaccard coefficient by using the BOX, ERIC, REP, MB1 and GTG5 molecular markers and molecular fingerprint of 30 isolates of Bacillus thuringiensis from diverse locations in Maranhão and seven standard subspecies of B. thuringiensis.
See this image and copyright information in PMC

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