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Observational Study
. 2022 Dec;35(9):2383-2386.
doi: 10.1007/s40620-022-01401-1. Epub 2022 Aug 25.

Acute kidney injury in critically ill patients with COVID-19: prevalence, risk factors and mortality in eastern Morocco

Essaad Ounci  1 , Sara Boukabous  2 , Houssam Bkiyar  1   3 , Naima Abda  4 , Yassamine Bentata  5   6 , Brahim Housni  1   3
Affiliations
Observational Study

Acute kidney injury in critically ill patients with COVID-19: prevalence, risk factors and mortality in eastern Morocco

Essaad Ounci et al. J Nephrol. 2022 Dec.

Abstract

Introduction: Acute kidney injury (AKI) is commonly seen in critically ill hospitalized patients with COVID-19 and its incidence reaches 60% in this setting. The aim of this work was to determine the prevalence, characteristics, risk factors and mortality of AKI in patients admitted to the intensive care unit (ICU) for COVID-19.

Patients and methods: This observational retrospective case series was conducted between February 1, 2020 and December 31, 2020 at the ICU of the university hospital Mohammed VI of Oujda, Morocco. all COVID-19 patients hospitalized in the ICU with acute respiratory failure were included. AKI was defined and classified into three stages using the KDIGO criteria 2012. We excluded patients with end-stage kidney disease and those who were under 18 years old.

Results: Six hundred adult patients were included and 65.5% of them were men. Sixty patients had minimal lung damage (< 25%), 105 patients had mild lung damage (25-50%), 186 had severe lung damage (50-75%) and 193 patients had very severe lung damage (> 75%). A total of 210 patients (35%) developed AKI, of whom 78 (37.2%) had mild AKI (stage 1) and 132 (62.8%) severe AKI (stages 2 and 3). Patients in the severe and mild AKI groups had a higher rate of comorbidities, especially hypertension (mild AKI [46.2%] vs. severe AKI [36.4%] vs. no AKI [27.4%], p = 0.002) and diabetes (mild AKI [52.6%] vs. severe AKI [33.3%] vs. no AKI [26.4%], p < 0.001). During hospitalization, 23.3% of patients with AKI received kidney replacement therapy. In-hospital mortality was observed in 51.3% for mild AKI, 55.3% for severe AKI and 21% in patients who did not have AKI (p < 0.001).

Conclusion: Our findings revealed that not only severe AKI, but also mild AKI was correlated to in-hospital mortality. Whatever the severity of the kidney impairment, it remains a major prognostic element.

Keywords: Acute kidney injury; Covid-19; Morocco; Mortality; Risk factors.

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Conflict of interest statement

The authors declare that they have no conflicts of interest.

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