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. 2022 Aug 13;11(16):4732.
doi: 10.3390/jcm11164732.

The Relationship between Selected Inflammation and Oxidative Stress Biomarkers and Carotid Intima-Media Thickness (IMT) Value in Youth with Type 1 Diabetes Co-Existing with Early Microvascular Complications

Joanna Peczyńska  1 , Bożenna Klonowska  2 , Beata Żelazowska-Rutkowska  3 , Agnieszka Polkowska  1 , Klaudyna Noiszewska  1 , Artur Bossowski  1 , Barbara Głowińska-Olszewska  1
Affiliations

The Relationship between Selected Inflammation and Oxidative Stress Biomarkers and Carotid Intima-Media Thickness (IMT) Value in Youth with Type 1 Diabetes Co-Existing with Early Microvascular Complications

Joanna Peczyńska et al. J Clin Med. .

Abstract

Recent years have confirmed the importance of oxidative stress and biomarkers of inflammation in estimating the risk of cardiovascular disease (CVD) and explaining not fully understood pathogenesis of diabetic macroangiopathy. We aimed to analyze the relation between the intima-media thickness (IMT) of common carotid arteries and the occurrence of classical cardiovascular risk factors, together with the newly proposed biomarkers of CVD risk (high-sensitivity C-reactive protein (hsCRP), myeloperoxidase (MPO), adiponectin, N-terminal-pro B-type natriuretic peptide (NT-proBNP) and vitamin D) in youth with type 1 diabetes (T1D) recognized in screening tests to present early stages of microvascular complications (VC). The study group consisted of 50 adolescents and young adults with T1D, mean age 17.1 years (10-26 age range), including 20 patients with VC (+) and 30 VC (-). The control group (Control) consisted of 22 healthy volunteers, mean age 16.5 years (11-26 age range). In the VC (+) patients, we found a significantly higher concentration of HbA1c, lipid levels, hsCRP and NT-proBNP. BMI and blood pressure values were highest in the VC (+) group. Higher levels of MPO and lower levels of vitamin D were found in both diabetic groups vs. Control. IMT in VC (+) patients was significantly higher and correlated positively with HbA1c, hsCRP, NT-pro-BNP and negatively with vitamin D levels. In conclusion, youth with T1D and VC (+) present many abnormalities in the classical and new CVD biomarkers. hsCRP and MPO seem to be the most important markers for estimating the risk of macroangiopathy. NT-proBNP may present a possible marker of early myocardial injury in this population.

Keywords: IMT; biomarkers; inflammation; macroangiopathy; microvascular complications; obesity; oxidative stress; risk of cardiovascular disease; type 1 diabetes; youth.

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Conflict of interest statement

The authors declare no competing interests. The funders had no role in the design of the study; in the collection, analyses, or interpretation of data; in the writing of the manuscript; or in the decision to publish the results.

Figures

Figure 1
Figure 1
BMI (A), SDS-BMI (B), waist circumference (C) and waist SDS (D) in the studied groups.
Figure 1
Figure 1
BMI (A), SDS-BMI (B), waist circumference (C) and waist SDS (D) in the studied groups.
Figure 2
Figure 2
Selected “new biomarkers” (A–D) of the atherosclerotic process in the studied groups.
Figure 2
Figure 2
Selected “new biomarkers” (A–D) of the atherosclerotic process in the studied groups.
Figure 3
Figure 3
Carotid IMT in the studied groups.
Figure 4
Figure 4
IMT correlations with chosen variables (A–D) in patients with T1D and vascular complications.
Figure 4
Figure 4
IMT correlations with chosen variables (A–D) in patients with T1D and vascular complications.
Figure 5
Figure 5
Proposed pathophysiological impact of classical risk factors and new biomarkers on the progression of atherosclerosis and possible ways to influence the process of diminishing vascular disease development.
See this image and copyright information in PMC

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