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. 2022 Aug 13;15(16):5577.
doi: 10.3390/ma15165577.

Analysis of the Effect of Component Ratio Imbalances on Selected Mechanical Properties of Seasoned, Medium Viscosity Bone Cements

Jakub Szabelski  1 , Robert Karpiński  2 , Przemysław Krakowski  3   4 , Mariusz Jojczuk  3 , Józef Jonak  2 , Adam Nogalski  3
Affiliations

Analysis of the Effect of Component Ratio Imbalances on Selected Mechanical Properties of Seasoned, Medium Viscosity Bone Cements

Jakub Szabelski et al. Materials (Basel). .

Abstract

The paper presents the results of experimental strength tests of specimens made of two commercially available bone cements subjected to compression, that is a typical variant of load of this material during use in the human body, after it has been used for implantation of prostheses or supplementation of bone defects. One of the factors analysed in detail was the duration of cement seasoning in Ringer's solution that simulates the aggressive environment of the human body and material degradation caused by it. The study also focused on the parameters of quantitative deviation from the recommended proportions of liquid (MMA monomer, accelerator and stabiliser) and powder (PMMA prepolymer and initiator) components, i.e., unintentional inaccuracy of component proportioning at the stage of cement mass preparation. Statistical analysis has shown the influence of these factors on the decrease in compressive strength of the cements studied, which may be of significant importance in operational practice.

Keywords: Ringer solution; bone cement; component ratio inaccuracy; compressive strength; degradation; mechanical parameters; seasoning.

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Conflict of interest statement

The authors declare no conflict of interest. The funders had no role in the design of the study; in the collection, analyses, or interpretation of data; in the writing of the manuscript, or in the decision to publish the results.

Figures

Figure 6
Figure 6
Surface model of compressive strength from liquid component inaccuracy and seasoning time for: (a) Palamed, (b) CMW3 Gentamicin.
Figure 1
Figure 1
Research plan and main objectives of the analysis of results.
Figure 2
Figure 2
(a) Seasoned samples—PALAMED series, (b) weighing of seasoned samples and (c) specimen ready to be compressed, fixed in holders.
Figure 2
Figure 2
(a) Seasoned samples—PALAMED series, (b) weighing of seasoned samples and (c) specimen ready to be compressed, fixed in holders.
Figure 3
Figure 3
Results of the analysis of the absorption of Ringer’s solution by samples of different compositions during seasoning.
Figure 4
Figure 4
Change in average compressive strength of the cements tested as a function of their composition: (a) −30% liquid part (l.p.), (b) −15% l.p., (c) correct ratio, (d) +10% l.p., (e) +20% l.p., (f) +40% l.p.
Figure 4
Figure 4
Change in average compressive strength of the cements tested as a function of their composition: (a) −30% liquid part (l.p.), (b) −15% l.p., (c) correct ratio, (d) +10% l.p., (e) +20% l.p., (f) +40% l.p.
Figure 5
Figure 5
Summary results of compressive strengths of tested cements in relation to composition (a) DePuy CMW3 Gentamicin and (b) Palamed.
Figure 7
Figure 7
Variation of the average compressive modulus of the tested cements as a function of composition, i.e., (a) at −30% liquid part (l.p.), (b) −15%, (c) correct ratio, (d) +10% l.p., (e) +20% l.p., (f) +40% l.p.
Figure 7
Figure 7
Variation of the average compressive modulus of the tested cements as a function of composition, i.e., (a) at −30% liquid part (l.p.), (b) −15%, (c) correct ratio, (d) +10% l.p., (e) +20% l.p., (f) +40% l.p.
Figure 8
Figure 8
Summary results of the compressive modulus of the tested cements depending on the seasoning time (a) CMW 3 Gantamicin, (b) Palamed.
Figure 9
Figure 9
Surface model of the compression modulus from liquid component inaccuracy and seasoning time for: (a) Palamed, (b) CMW3 Gentamicin.
See this image and copyright information in PMC

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