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Review
. 2022 Aug 14;11(8):915.
doi: 10.3390/pathogens11080915.

Molecular Reports of Ruminant Babesia in Southeast Asia

Eloiza May Galon  1 , Iqra Zafar  1 , Shengwei Ji  1 , Hang Li  1 , Zhuowei Ma  1 , Xuenan Xuan  1
Affiliations
Review

Molecular Reports of Ruminant Babesia in Southeast Asia

Eloiza May Galon et al. Pathogens. .

Abstract

The protozoon Babesia is a blood parasite transmitted by hard ticks and commonly parasitizes ruminants such as cattle, buffaloes, goats, and sheep. Babesiosis, the disease caused by Babesia infection, has been considered a potential threat to ruminant production due to the grave and enormous impact it brings. About 125 million ruminants are at risk of babesiosis in Southeast Asia (SEA), a region composed of 11 countries. In recent decades, molecular-based diagnostic platforms, such as polymerase chain reaction (PCR) assays, have been a reliable and broadly employed tool in Babesia detection. In this article, the authors compiled and summarized the molecular studies conducted on ruminant babesiosis and mapped the species, including B. bovis, B. bigemina, B. ovata, Babesia sp. Mymensingh, Babesia sp. Hue, and B. ovis, and determined the host diversity of ruminant Babesia in SEA.

Keywords: Babesia; PCR; Southeast Asia; cattle; goat; molecular epidemiology; sheep; tick-borne; water buffalo.

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Conflict of interest statement

The authors declare no conflict of interest.

Figures

Figure 1
Figure 1
A map showing the distribution of molecularly confirmed Babesia parasites in ruminants across Southeast Asia. Names of countries with documented Babesia molecular reports in cattle (○), water buffaloes (△), goats (□), and sheep (☆) are in bold font. Each color corresponds to a species —red: Babesia bovis; yellow: B. bigemina; orange: B. ovata; green: Babesia sp. Mymensingh; purple: B. ovis; blue: Babesia spp. Each shape indicates detection of a species in a particular province or area.
See this image and copyright information in PMC

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