Skip to main page content
U.S. flag

An official website of the United States government

Dot gov

The .gov means it’s official.
Federal government websites often end in .gov or .mil. Before sharing sensitive information, make sure you’re on a federal government site.

Https

The site is secure.
The https:// ensures that you are connecting to the official website and that any information you provide is encrypted and transmitted securely.

Access keys NCBI Homepage MyNCBI Homepage Main Content Main Navigation
. 2022 Aug 9:10:898528.
doi: 10.3389/fpubh.2022.898528. eCollection 2022.

Treatment outcome and factors associated with mortality due to malaria in Munini District Hospital, Rwanda in 2016-2017: Retrospective cross-sectional study

François Hakizayezu  1   2 , Jared Omolo  2 , Emmanuel Biracyaza  3 , Joseph Ntaganira  1
Affiliations

Treatment outcome and factors associated with mortality due to malaria in Munini District Hospital, Rwanda in 2016-2017: Retrospective cross-sectional study

François Hakizayezu et al. Front Public Health. .

Abstract

Introduction: Malaria is a major public health burden in developing countries despite efforts made by several countries. This disease leads to high morbidity and mortality among Rwandans, particularly in the Southern Province where it was the sixth national cause of morality; at Munini hospital it is the first cause of mortality, but the associated factors remain unknown. In this study, we determined the factors associated with deaths among patients with severe malaria to come up with evidence-based interventions to prevent malaria and its factors.

Methods: A retrospective cross-sectional study was conducted on malaria patients who were treated at the Munini District Hospital from 2016 to 2017. Data were collected from the hospital records or registers relating to patients who were admitted with severe malaria. The odds ratio was estimated by bivariate logistic regression and multivariate hierarchical regression models for determining the associated factors of deaths. Data were analyzed using STATA/MP Version 14.1 and Epi-info with proportions.

Results: The study population were mostly women (n = 237, 59.1%), farmers (n = 313, 78.05%), aged 16-30 years (n = 107, 26.68%). Our results indicated that the majority of deaths were women (56.25%). Socio-economic and clinical determinants are important predictors of death among patients with severe malaria. Patients with coma had higher odds of dying (AOR = 7.31, 95% CI :3.33-16.1, p < 0.001) than those who were not. The possibility of mortality increased by almost four times in patients who delayed consultation by a day (AOR = 3.7, 95%CI:1.8-4.1; p < 0.001) compared to those who came in very early. Patients who had severe malaria in the dry season were at a lower risk of mortality (AOR = 0.23, 95%CI:0.08-0.64, p = 0.005) compared to those with severe malaria during the rainy season.

Conclusion: Lack of health insurance, age of the patient, delayed diagnosis, coma, proximity and access to healthcare services, and weather conditions were the major factors associated with mortality among patients with severe malaria. Comprehensive, long-term, equity-based healthcare interventions and immediate care strategies are recommended.

Keywords: death; epidemiology; hospital; risk factors; severe malaria.

PubMed Disclaimer

Conflict of interest statement

The authors declare that the research was conducted in the absence of any commercial or financial relationships that could be construed as a potential conflict of interest.

Figures

Figure 1
Figure 1
Administrative map of Nyaruguru District.
See this image and copyright information in PMC

Similar articles

See all similar articles

Cited by

References

    1. Mawson AR. The pathogenesis of malaria : a new perspective. Pathog Glob Heal. (2013) 107:122–9. 10.1179/2047773213Y.0000000084 - DOI - PMC - PubMed
    1. Awosolu OB, Yahaya ZS, Haziqah MTF, Simon-Oke IA, Fakunle C. A cross-sectional study of the prevalence, density, and risk factors associated with malaria transmission in urban communities of Ibadan, Southwestern Nigeria. Heliyon. (2021) 7:e05975. 10.1016/j.heliyon.2021.e05975 - DOI - PMC - PubMed
    1. Chilanga E, Vézina DC, Macintosh H, Mitchell C, Cherney K. Prevalence and determinants of malaria infection among children of local farmers in Central Malawi. Malar J. (2020) 19:1–10. 10.1186/s12936-020-03382-7 - DOI - PMC - PubMed
    1. Anwar N, Kuppili P, Balhara YS. Depression and physical noncommunicable diseases: The need for an integrated approach. WHO South-East Asia J Public Heal. (2017) 6:12. 10.4103/2224-3151.206158 - DOI - PubMed
    1. National Institute of Statistics of Rwanda (NISR) . Rwanda Statistical YearBook 2018. 1st ed. Kigali, Rwanda: National Institute of Statistics of Rwanda (2018). p. 25–9. Available online at: http://www.statistics.gov.rw/publication/statistical-yearbook-2018 (accessed November 29, 2020).