Fractional Co2 laser for vulvo-vaginal atrophy in gynecologic cancer patients: A valid therapeutic choice? A systematic review

Abstract

Introduction: One of the most common adverse events reported by gynecological cancer survivors with spontaneous or iatrogenic menopause is vulvo-vaginal atrophy (VVA). An increasing number of women have this kind of discomfort related to the menopause induced by different cancer therapies. In this regard, fractional CO2 laser may be a valid therapeutic choice for these patients.

Methods: We performed a literature search of PubMed, EMBASE, SCOPUS and Web of Science databases with search terms of laser CO2 treatment of vulvovaginal atrophy and gynecologic cancer survivors and reviewed major US Society Guidelines to create this narrative review of this topic. Breast, ovarian endometrial and cervical cancers were included.

Results: Nine studies were included. Fractional CO2 laser improves clinical symptoms and sexual function, in terms of VHI (vaginal health index) and FSFI (female sexual function index). Non severe adverse event occurred.

Conclusion: According to the best evidence available, fractional CO2 laser treatment for VVA is an effective and safe therapeutic option for gynecological cancer survivors, improving sexual life and quality of life (QoL).

Keywords: CO2 laser; Cancer survivors; Menopause; Quality of life; Vulvo-vaginal atrophy.