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. 2022 Aug 29;22(1):1634.
doi: 10.1186/s12889-022-14038-3.

The relationships of shift work, hair cortisol concentration and dyslipidaemia: a cohort study in China

Lejia Zhu #  1 , Yu Zhang #  1 , Lin Song  1 , Ziqi Zhou  1 , Jin Wang  1 , Yangmei Wang  1 , Lingli Sang  1 , Jing Xiao  1 , Yulong Lian  2
Affiliations

The relationships of shift work, hair cortisol concentration and dyslipidaemia: a cohort study in China

Lejia Zhu et al. BMC Public Health. .

Abstract

Background: Currently, cardiovascular disease is the leading cause of death, and dyslipidaemia is an independent and modifiable major risk factor. Previous studies on shift work with dyslipidaemia and hair cortisol concentration (HCC) have yielded conflicting results. The aim of this study was to clarify the association between shift work, dyslipidaemia, and HCC. We further explored the mediating effect of HCC.

Methods: In this cohort study, baseline data were collected from participants in May 2013. The cohort included 2170 participants- 1348 shift workers and 822 non-shift workers- who were followed up for 6 years with four questionnaire surveys from July 2014, October 2015, and May to December 2019. Hair samples were collected from 340 participants during the baseline period for HCC testing with an automated radioimmunoassay. Dyslipidaemia was defined using the National Cholesterol Education Program Adult Treatment Panel III diagnostic criteria.

Results: Shift workers had a higher risk of dyslipidaemia than workers on the fixed day shift (two-shift RR = 1.408, 95% CI: 1.102-1.798; three-shift RR = 1.478, 95% CI: 1.134-1.926; four-shift RR = 1.589, 95% CI: 1.253-2.015). Additionally, shift workers had higher HCC levels than fixed day shift workers, with geometric mean concentration (GMC) ± geometric standard difference (GSD) = 2.625 ± 2.012 ng/g, two-shift GMC ± GSD = 3.487 ± 1.930 ng/g, three-shift GMC ± GSD = 2.994 ± 1.813 ng/g, and four-shift GMC ± GSD = 3.143 ± 1.720 ng/g. High HCC was associated with a high incidence of dyslipidaemia. After controlling for confounding factors, this study showed that HCC played a role in mediating dyslipidaemia in shift workers and accounted for 16.24% of the effect.

Conclusions: Shift work was linked to increased risk of dyslipidaemia compared with fixed day shift work. Higher HCC was associated with a higher prevalence of dyslipidaemia. HCC had a significant mediating effect on dyslipidaemia in shift workers.

Keywords: Dyslipidemia; Hair cortisol concentration; Mediating effect; Shift work.

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Conflict of interest statement

The authors have no relevant financial or non-financial interests to disclose.

Figures

Fig. 1
Fig. 1
The mediation effect of HCC between shift work and dyslipidaemia. The direction of the arrow in the picture represents the direction of influence. Shift work points to dyslipidaemia represents shift work had an effect on dyslipidaemia. Shift work points to HCC represents shift work had an effect on HCC. HCC points to dyslipidaemia represents HCC had an effect on dyslipidaemia. B: regression coefficient, OR: odds ratio, R2: coefficient of determination, P: probability, HCC: hair cortisol concentration, <: less than, =: equal
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