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Review
. 2022 Oct;22(10):601-609.
doi: 10.1007/s11910-022-01222-6. Epub 2022 Aug 31.

Vestibular Migraine

Shin C Beh  1
Affiliations
Review

Vestibular Migraine

Shin C Beh. Curr Neurol Neurosci Rep. 2022 Oct.

Abstract

Purpose of review: To explore recent developments in vestibular migraine (VM).

Recent findings: This review discusses the current diagnostic criteria for VM in the adult and pediatric populations, as proposed by the International Headache Society and Bárány Society. Recent VM studies confirm the prior findings and reveal new insights, including the wide range of vestibular symptoms, symptoms in the attack-free period, and triggers. Many patients experience persistent vestibular symptoms, even in the absence of acute attacks, which often significantly impact patients' quality of life. The syndrome of benign recurrent vertigo and its relationship to migraine, VM, and Meniere's disease is also discussed. There is a dearth of randomized controlled trials in VM treatment. Prospective and retrospective studies support the benefit of many migraine treatments are effective in VM, including neuromodulation, and calcitonin gene-related peptide monoclonal antibodies. VM affects almost 3% of the population, but remains under-diagnosed. Recent diagnostic criteria can help clinicians diagnose VM in adults and children.

Keywords: Dizziness; Migraine; Vertigo; Vestibular migraine.

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References

Papers of particular interest, published recently, have been highlighted as: • Of importance •• Of major importance
    1. • Neuhauser HK, Radtke A, von Brevern M, et al. Migrainous vertigo: prevalence and impact on quality of life. Neurology. 2006;67:1028–33 (This was the first study to investigate the prevalence of VM). - PubMed
    1. • Formeister EJ, Rizk HG, Kohn MA, Sharon JD. The epidemiology of vestibular migraine: a population-based survey study. Otol Neurotol. 2018;39:1037–44 (This study looks at the prevalence of VM in the population using the 2012 diagnostic criteria). - PubMed
    1. Geser R, Straumann D. Referral and final diagnoses of patients assessed in an academic vertigo center. Frontiers Neurol. 2012;3:169.
    1. Dieterich M, Brandt T. Episodic vertigo related to migraine (90 cases): vestibular migraine? J Neurol. 1999;246:883–92. - PubMed
    1. •• Lempert T, Olesen J, Furman J, et al. Vestibular migraine: diagnostic criteria. J Vestib Res. 2012;22:167–72 (This manuscript publishes the diagnostic criteria for VM in adults). - PubMed

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