Skip to main page content
U.S. flag

An official website of the United States government

Dot gov

The .gov means it’s official.
Federal government websites often end in .gov or .mil. Before sharing sensitive information, make sure you’re on a federal government site.

Https

The site is secure.
The https:// ensures that you are connecting to the official website and that any information you provide is encrypted and transmitted securely.

Access keys NCBI Homepage MyNCBI Homepage Main Content Main Navigation
. 2023 Apr;19(4):1281-1291.
doi: 10.1002/alz.12764. Epub 2022 Aug 31.

Global, regional, and national trends of dementia incidence and risk factors, 1990-2019: A Global Burden of Disease study

Abolfazl Avan  1   2 , Vladimir Hachinski  3   4   5
Affiliations

Global, regional, and national trends of dementia incidence and risk factors, 1990-2019: A Global Burden of Disease study

Abolfazl Avan et al. Alzheimers Dement. 2023 Apr.

Abstract

Background: An ample literature documents the growing prevalence of dementia and associated costs. Less attention has been paid to decreased dementia incidence in some countries.

Methods: We analyzed trends in age-standardized dementia, stroke, and ischemic heart disease (the triple threat) incidence rates and population attributable fraction of death and disability attributable to 12 risk factors in 204 countries and territories and 51 regions using Global Burden of Disease 2019 data.

Results: During 1990 to 2019, dementia incidence declined in 71 countries; 18 showed statistically significant declines, ranging from -12.1% (95% uncertainty intervals -16.9 to -6.8) to -2.4% (-4.6 to -0.5). During 2010 to 2019, 16 countries showed non-significant declines. Globally, the burden of the triple threat attributable to air pollution, dietary risks, non-optimal temperature, lead exposure, and tobacco use decreased from 1990 to 2019.

Conclusion: The declining incidence of dementia in some countries, despite growing prevalence, is encouraging and urges further investigation.

Keywords: Alzheimer's disease; Global Burden of Disease; aging; dementias; ischemic heart disease; risk factors; stroke.

PubMed Disclaimer

References

REFERENCES

    1. Avan A, Hachinski V. Stroke and dementia, leading causes of neurological disability and death, potential for prevention. Alzheimers Dement. 2021;17(6):1072-1076. https://doi.org/10.1002/alz.12340
    1. Hachinski V, Einhäupl K, Ganten D, et al. Preventing dementia by preventing stroke: the Berlin Manifesto. Alzheimers Dement. 2019;15(7):961-984. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jalz.2019.06.001
    1. Satizabal CL, Beiser AS, Chouraki V, Chêne G, Dufouil C, Seshadri S. Incidence of dementia over three decades in the Framingham heart study. N Engl J Med. 2016;374(6):523-532. https://doi.org/10.1056/NEJMoa1504327
    1. GBD 2019 Stroke Collaborators. Global, regional, and national burden of stroke and its risk factors, 1990-2019: a systematic analysis for the Global Burden of Disease Study 2019. Lancet Neurol. 2021;20(10):795-820. https://doi.org/10.1016/S1474-4422(21)00252-0
    1. Wei MY, Levine DA, Zahodne LB, Kabeto MU, Langa KM. Multimorbidity and cognitive decline over 14 years in older Americans. J Gerontol A Biol Sci Med Sci. 2020;75(6):1206-1213. https://doi.org/10.1093/gerona/glz147

LinkOut - more resources