Revealing the short-range structure of the mirror nuclei ³H and ³He

S Li^{1

2}, R Cruz-Torres^{2

3}, N Santiesteban^{1

3}, Z H Ye^{4

5}, D Abrams⁶, S Alsalmi^{7

8}, D Androic⁹, K Aniol¹⁰, J Arrington^{11

12}, T Averett¹³, C Ayerbe Gayoso¹³, J Bane¹⁴, S Barcus¹³, J Barrow¹⁴, A Beck³, V Bellini¹⁵, H Bhatt¹⁶, D Bhetuwal¹⁶, D Biswas¹⁷, D Bulumulla¹⁸, A Camsonne¹⁹, J Castellanos²⁰, J Chen¹³, J-P Chen¹⁹, D Chrisman²¹, M E Christy^{17

19}, C Clarke²², S Covrig¹⁹, K Craycraft¹⁴, D Day⁶, D Dutta¹⁶, E Fuchey²³, C Gal⁶, F Garibaldi²⁴, T N Gautam¹⁷, T Gogami²⁵, J Gomez¹⁹, P Guèye^{17

21}, A Habarakada¹⁷, T J Hague⁷, J O Hansen¹⁹, F Hauenstein¹⁸, W Henry²⁶, D W Higinbotham¹⁹, R J Holt⁵, C Hyde¹⁸, T Itabashi²⁵, M Kaneta²⁵, A Karki¹⁶, A T Katramatou⁷, C E Keppel¹⁹, M Khachatryan¹⁸, V Khachatryan²², P M King²⁷, I Korover²⁸, L Kurbany¹, T Kutz²², N Lashley-Colthirst¹⁷, W B Li¹³, H Liu²⁹, N Liyanage⁶, E Long¹, J Mammei³⁰, P Markowitz²⁰, R E McClellan¹⁹, F Meddi²⁴, D Meekins¹⁹, S Mey-Tal Beck³, R Michaels¹⁹, M Mihovilovič^{31

32

33}, A Moyer³⁴, S Nagao²⁵, V Nelyubin⁶, D Nguyen⁶, M Nycz⁷, M Olson³⁵, L Ou³, V Owen¹³, C Palatchi⁶, B Pandey¹⁷, A Papadopoulou³, S Park²², S Paul¹³, T Petkovic⁹, R Pomatsalyuk³⁶, S Premathilake⁶, V Punjabi³⁷, R D Ransome³⁸, P E Reimer⁵, J Reinhold²⁰, S Riordan⁵, J Roche²⁷, V M Rodriguez³⁹, A Schmidt³, B Schmookler³, E P Segarra³, A Shahinyan⁴⁰, K Slifer¹, P Solvignon¹, S Širca^{31

32}, T Su⁷, R Suleiman¹⁹, H Szumila-Vance¹⁹, L Tang¹⁹, Y Tian⁴¹, W Tireman⁴², F Tortorici¹⁵, Y Toyama²⁵, K Uehara²⁵, G M Urciuoli²⁴, D Votaw²¹, J Williamson⁴³, B Wojtsekhowski¹⁹, S Wood¹⁹, J Zhang⁶, X Zheng⁶

Affiliations

¹ Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of New Hampshire, Durham, NH, USA.
² Nuclear Science Division, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, CA, USA.
³ Department of Physics, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, MA, USA.
⁴ Tsinghua University, Beijing, China.
⁵ Physics Division, Argonne National Laboratory, Lemont, IL, USA.
⁶ Department of Physics, University of Virginia, Charlottesville, VA, USA.
⁷ Kent State University, Kent, OH, USA.
⁸ King Saud University, Riyadh, Kingdom of Saudi Arabia.
⁹ University of Zagreb, Zagreb, Croatia.
¹⁰ Department of Physics and Astronomy, California State University, Los Angeles, CA, USA.
¹¹ Nuclear Science Division, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, CA, USA. JArrington@lbl.gov.
¹² Physics Division, Argonne National Laboratory, Lemont, IL, USA. JArrington@lbl.gov.
¹³ The College of William and Mary, Williamsburg, VA, USA.
¹⁴ Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Tennessee, Knoxville, TN, USA.
¹⁵ INFN Sezione di Catania, Catania, Italy.
¹⁶ Department of Physics and Astronomy, Mississippi State University, Mississippi State, MS, USA.
¹⁷ Department of Physics, Hampton University, Hampton, VA, USA.
¹⁸ Department of Physics, Old Dominion University, Norfolk, VA, USA.
¹⁹ Experimental Nuclear Physics Division, Thomas Jefferson National Accelerator Facility, Newport News, VA, USA.
²⁰ Department of Physics, Florida International University, Miami, FL, USA.
²¹ Department of Physics and Astronomy, Michigan State University, East Lansing, MI, USA.
²² Stony Brook, State University of New York, New York, NY, USA.
²³ Department of Physics, University of Connecticut, Storrs, CT, USA.
²⁴ INFN, Rome, Italy.
²⁵ Tohoku University, Sendai, Japan.
²⁶ Temple University, Philadelphia, PA, USA.
²⁷ Ohio University, Athens, OH, USA.
²⁸ Nuclear Research Center -Negev, Beer-Sheva, Israel.
²⁹ Columbia University, New York, NY, USA.
³⁰ Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Manitoba, Winnipeg, Manitoba, Canada.
³¹ Jožef Stefan Institute, Ljubljana, Slovenia.
³² Faculty of Mathematics and Physics, University of Ljubljana, Ljubljana, Slovenia.
³³ Institut für Kernphysik, Johannes Gutenberg-Universität Mainz, Mainz, Germany.
³⁴ Christopher Newport University, Newport News, VA, USA.
³⁵ Saint Norbert College, De Pere, WI, USA.
³⁶ Institute of Physics and Technology, Kharkov, Ukraine.
³⁷ Norfolk State University, Norfolk, VA, USA.
³⁸ Department of Physics and Astronomy, Rutgers University, New Brunswick, NJ, USA.
³⁹ División de Ciencias y Tecnología, Universidad Ana G. Méndez, Recinto de Cupey, San Juan, Puerto Rico.
⁴⁰ Yerevan Physics Institute, Yerevan, Armenia.
⁴¹ Syracuse University, Syracuse, NY, USA.
⁴² Northern Michigan University, Marquette, MI, USA.
⁴³ University of Glasgow, Glasgow, UK.

PMID: 36045235
DOI: 10.1038/s41586-022-05007-2

Revealing the short-range structure of the mirror nuclei ³H and ³He

S Li et al. Nature. 2022 Sep.

. 2022 Sep;609(7925):41-45.

doi: 10.1038/s41586-022-05007-2. Epub 2022 Aug 31.

Authors

Affiliations

¹ Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of New Hampshire, Durham, NH, USA.
² Nuclear Science Division, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, CA, USA.
³ Department of Physics, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, MA, USA.
⁴ Tsinghua University, Beijing, China.
⁵ Physics Division, Argonne National Laboratory, Lemont, IL, USA.
⁶ Department of Physics, University of Virginia, Charlottesville, VA, USA.
⁷ Kent State University, Kent, OH, USA.
⁸ King Saud University, Riyadh, Kingdom of Saudi Arabia.
⁹ University of Zagreb, Zagreb, Croatia.
¹⁰ Department of Physics and Astronomy, California State University, Los Angeles, CA, USA.
¹¹ Nuclear Science Division, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, CA, USA. JArrington@lbl.gov.
¹² Physics Division, Argonne National Laboratory, Lemont, IL, USA. JArrington@lbl.gov.
¹³ The College of William and Mary, Williamsburg, VA, USA.
¹⁴ Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Tennessee, Knoxville, TN, USA.
¹⁵ INFN Sezione di Catania, Catania, Italy.
¹⁶ Department of Physics and Astronomy, Mississippi State University, Mississippi State, MS, USA.
¹⁷ Department of Physics, Hampton University, Hampton, VA, USA.
¹⁸ Department of Physics, Old Dominion University, Norfolk, VA, USA.
¹⁹ Experimental Nuclear Physics Division, Thomas Jefferson National Accelerator Facility, Newport News, VA, USA.
²⁰ Department of Physics, Florida International University, Miami, FL, USA.
²¹ Department of Physics and Astronomy, Michigan State University, East Lansing, MI, USA.
²² Stony Brook, State University of New York, New York, NY, USA.
²³ Department of Physics, University of Connecticut, Storrs, CT, USA.
²⁴ INFN, Rome, Italy.
²⁵ Tohoku University, Sendai, Japan.
²⁶ Temple University, Philadelphia, PA, USA.
²⁷ Ohio University, Athens, OH, USA.
²⁸ Nuclear Research Center -Negev, Beer-Sheva, Israel.
²⁹ Columbia University, New York, NY, USA.
³⁰ Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Manitoba, Winnipeg, Manitoba, Canada.
³¹ Jožef Stefan Institute, Ljubljana, Slovenia.
³² Faculty of Mathematics and Physics, University of Ljubljana, Ljubljana, Slovenia.
³³ Institut für Kernphysik, Johannes Gutenberg-Universität Mainz, Mainz, Germany.
³⁴ Christopher Newport University, Newport News, VA, USA.
³⁵ Saint Norbert College, De Pere, WI, USA.
³⁶ Institute of Physics and Technology, Kharkov, Ukraine.
³⁷ Norfolk State University, Norfolk, VA, USA.
³⁸ Department of Physics and Astronomy, Rutgers University, New Brunswick, NJ, USA.
³⁹ División de Ciencias y Tecnología, Universidad Ana G. Méndez, Recinto de Cupey, San Juan, Puerto Rico.
⁴⁰ Yerevan Physics Institute, Yerevan, Armenia.
⁴¹ Syracuse University, Syracuse, NY, USA.
⁴² Northern Michigan University, Marquette, MI, USA.
⁴³ University of Glasgow, Glasgow, UK.

PMID: 36045235
DOI: 10.1038/s41586-022-05007-2

Abstract

When protons and neutrons (nucleons) are bound into atomic nuclei, they are close enough to feel significant attraction, or repulsion, from the strong, short-distance part of the nucleon-nucleon interaction. These strong interactions lead to hard collisions between nucleons, generating pairs of highly energetic nucleons referred to as short-range correlations (SRCs). SRCs are an important but relatively poorly understood part of nuclear structure^1-3, and mapping out the strength and the isospin structure (neutron-proton (np) versus proton-proton (pp) pairs) of these virtual excitations is thus critical input for modelling a range of nuclear, particle and astrophysics measurements^3-5. Two-nucleon knockout or 'triple coincidence' reactions have been used to measure the relative contribution of np-SRCs and pp-SRCs by knocking out a proton from the SRC and detecting its partner nucleon (proton or neutron). These measurements^6-8 have shown that SRCs are almost exclusively np pairs, but they had limited statistics and required large model-dependent final-state interaction corrections. Here we report on measurements using inclusive scattering from the mirror nuclei hydrogen-3 and helium-3 to extract the np/pp ratio of SRCs in systems with a mass number of three. We obtain a measure of the np/pp SRC ratio that is an order of magnitude more precise than previous experiments, and find a marked deviation from the near-total np dominance observed in heavy nuclei. This result implies an unexpected structure in the high-momentum wavefunction for hydrogen-3 and helium-3. Understanding these results will improve our understanding of the short-range part of the nucleon-nucleon interaction.

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References

1. Frankfurt, L. & Strikman, M. Hard nuclear processes and microscopic nuclear structure. Phys. Rep. 160, 235–427 (1988). - DOI
1. Sargsian, M. M. et al. Hadrons in the nuclear medium. J. Phys. G29, R1 (2003). - DOI
1. Arrington, J., Fomin, N. & Schmidt, A. Progress in understanding short-range structure in nuclei: an experimental perspective. Preprint at https://arxiv.org/abs/2203.02608 (2022).
1. Hen, O., Miller, G. A., Piasetzky, E. & Weinstein, L. B. Nucleon–nucleon correlations, short-lived excitations, and the quarks within. Rev. Mod. Phys. 89, 045002 (2017). - DOI
1. Arrington, J. et al. Physics with CEBAF at 12 GeV and future opportunities. Preprint at https://arxiv.org/abs/2112.00060 (2021).

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Revealing the short-range structure of the mirror nuclei ³H and ³He

Affiliations

Revealing the short-range structure of the mirror nuclei ³H and ³He

Authors

Affiliations

Abstract

References

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LinkOut - more resources

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Miscellaneous