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. 2022 Jul 27;14(7):e27348.
doi: 10.7759/cureus.27348. eCollection 2022 Jul.

The Effect of Classical Music on Heart Rate, Blood Pressure, and Mood

Cyrus Darki  1 , Jennifer Riley  2 , Dina P Dadabhoy  3 , Amir Darki  4 , Jennifer Garetto  1
Affiliations

The Effect of Classical Music on Heart Rate, Blood Pressure, and Mood

Cyrus Darki et al. Cureus. .

Abstract

Anxiety and depression have deleterious effects on health. Numerous studies have demonstrated the negative impact of emotions such as stress and anxiety on heart rate (HR), blood pressure (BP), and heart disease. These mood states have been linked to stroke, heart failure, diabetes, heart disease, respiratory problems, and drug abuse. Negative emotions can affect the HR and BP through the link between the nervous system and the cardiovascular system. Our study demonstrates the positive effect of classical music on HR, BP parameters, and mood states.

Keywords: autonomic nervous system; blood pressure variability; classical music; heart rate recovery; mood and anxiety.

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Conflict of interest statement

The authors have declared that no competing interests exist.

Figures

Figure 1
Figure 1. The Effect of Fast and Slow Music on Emotion and Stress.
(A) Does fast and slow music evoke positive emotions? (B) Does fast and slow music help manage stress? (C) How calming is fast and slow music? (D) How uplifting is fast and slow music?
Figure 2
Figure 2. Effect of Music on Blood Pressure and Heart Rate Stratified by Age and Gender.
(A) The mean resting, fast, and slow music systolic blood pressure stratified by age. (B) The mean resting, fast, and slow music heart rate stratified by gender.
See this image and copyright information in PMC

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