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Review
. 2022 Aug 30:82 Suppl 3:67-70.

[Autism spectrum disorder and attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder: challenge in diagnosis and treatment]

[Article in Spanish]
Myriam Velarde  1   2 , Aland Cárdenas  3   2
Affiliations
  • PMID: 36054861
Free article
Review

[Autism spectrum disorder and attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder: challenge in diagnosis and treatment]

[Article in Spanish]
Myriam Velarde et al. Medicina (B Aires). .
Free article

Abstract
in English, Spanish

The coexistence of autism spectrum disorder (ASD) and attention deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) definitely poses new challenges, such as making an early diagnosis, considering that the former is usually diagnosed 2 years later in children with ADHD comorbid with autism compared to those with ASD alone; this is a problem at a personal, family and social level, since they must receive timely intervention. This coexistence raises questions about the efficacy of treatment in ADHD in people with autism, genetic, anatomical and functional concordances, among others; these are the challenges that are currently posed. In this review, we present some responses to the challenges posed by such coexistence, and we highlight some pending issues to be solved, being these of great importance for their better understanding and management. In all patients with ADHD or ASD, a coexistence between them should be sought. There are shared functional brain alterations in both disorders identified by functional brain magnetic resonance imaging; the treatment established for ADHD is also effective in this comorbidity.

La coexistencia del trastorno del espectro autista (TEA) y trastorno por déficit de atención con hiperactividad (TDAH) definitivamente plantea nuevos desafíos, como la realización de un diagnóstico temprano teniendo en cuenta que el primero generalmente es diagnosticado 2 años después en los niños con TDAH comórbidos; esto es un problema a nivel personal, familiar y social, ya que deben recibir intervención oportuna. Esta coexistencia genera interrogantes sobre la eficacia del tratamiento en TDAH en personas con autismo, concordancias genéticas, anatómicas y funcionales entre otros; y son los retos que se plantean en la actualidad. En la presente revisión exponemos algunas respuestas a los desafíos dados por tal coexistencia y resaltamos algunos temas pendientes a resolver, siendo estos de gran importancia para su mejor entendimiento y manejo. En todos los pacientes con TDAH o TEA se debe buscar una coexistencia entre ellos. Existen alteraciones funcionales cerebrales compartidas en ambos trastornos identificadas por resonancia magnética funcional cerebral; el tratamiento establecido para el TDAH es también eficaz en esta comorbilidad.

Keywords: attention deficit hyperactivity disorder; autism spectrum disorder; comorbidity; neurodevelopmental disorder.

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