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. 2022 Aug 18:16:968928.
doi: 10.3389/fnins.2022.968928. eCollection 2022.

Prediction of balance function for stroke based on EEG and fNIRS features during ankle dorsiflexion

Jun Liang  1   2 , Yanxin Song  3 , Abdelkader Nasreddine Belkacem  4 , Fengmin Li  1 , Shizhong Liu  1 , Xiaona Chen  1 , Xinrui Wang  1 , Yueyun Wang  1 , Chunxiao Wan  1
Affiliations

Prediction of balance function for stroke based on EEG and fNIRS features during ankle dorsiflexion

Jun Liang et al. Front Neurosci. .

Abstract

Balance rehabilitation is exceedingly crucial during stroke rehabilitation and is highly related to the stroke patients' secondary injuries (caused by falling). Stroke patients focus on walking ability rehabilitation during the early stage. Ankle dorsiflexion can activate the brain areas of stroke patients, similar to walking. The combination of electroencephalography (EEG) and functional near-infrared spectroscopy (fNIRS) was a new method, providing more beneficial information. We extracted the event-related desynchronization (ERD), oxygenated hemoglobin (HBO), and Phase Synchronization Index (PSI) features during ankle dorsiflexion from EEG and fNIRS. Moreover, we established a linear regression model to predict Berg Balance Scale (BBS) values and used an eightfold cross validation to test the model. The results showed that ERD, HBO, PSI, and age were critical biomarkers in predicting BBS. ERD and HBO during ankle dorsiflexion and age were promising biomarkers for stroke motor recovery.

Keywords: EEG; balance rehabilitation; brain-computer interface; fNIRS; stroke.

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Conflict of interest statement

The authors declare that the research was conducted in the absence of any commercial or financial relationships that could be construed as a potential conflict of interest.

Figures

FIGURE 1
FIGURE 1
Experimental scenario.
FIGURE 2
FIGURE 2
A session trail.
FIGURE 3
FIGURE 3
Signal acquisition. (A) EEG electrodes, and (B) fNIRS probe arrangement.
FIGURE 4
FIGURE 4
Mean of nERSP at Cz for (A) 8 patients and (B) 6 healthy control group.
FIGURE 5
FIGURE 5
ERD index of patients and the control group.
FIGURE 6
FIGURE 6
PSI index of patients and the control group. *Significant difference.
FIGURE 7
FIGURE 7
Cerebral blood oxygen concentration during ankle flexion.
FIGURE 8
FIGURE 8
Scatterplots showing the relations between the actual and predicted BBS scales.
FIGURE 9
FIGURE 9
Scatterplots showing the relations between the actual and predicted BBS scales for cross validation.
See this image and copyright information in PMC

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