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Review
. 2022 Aug 29:15:6849-6860.
doi: 10.2147/IJGM.S380084. eCollection 2022.

Root Morphology and Canal Configuration of Permanent Canines Among Saudi Population: Systematic Review and Comparison with Worldwide Studies

Abdulaziz A Asiri  1 , Khalil W AlQahtani  1 , Mohammed Y Tarrosh  2 , Amal S Shaiban  3 , Hamed A Al Shawkani  2 , Wafa H Alaajam  3 , Maryam S Bamasud  4 , Muqbil Alqahtani  5 , Mohanad A Alyousefy  6 , Mohammed M Al Moaleem  7   8
Affiliations
Review

Root Morphology and Canal Configuration of Permanent Canines Among Saudi Population: Systematic Review and Comparison with Worldwide Studies

Abdulaziz A Asiri et al. Int J Gen Med. .

Abstract

Aim: The root morphology and canal configuration (RMCC) of mandibular and maxillary canines among Saudi population is systematically reviewed and compared with international studies in this research.

Methods: This study was carried out following the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses recommendations. The electronic databases of PubMed, Science Direct, Scopus, Wiley Library, Google website search, and Web of Science were searched. Only local and international cross-sectional, comparative, evaluation, and validation studies or case reports published between 2016 and 2022 that directly evaluated canine RMCC and assessed participants using cone beam computed tomography were included.

Results: Forty-three studies that investigated RMCCs (17 local and 26 international) were involved in this review. The original Saudi research recorded that almost 100% of maxillary canines had one root and one canal, whereas 98.4% and 94.1% had one root and one canal in the mandibular arch. Vertucci's class I had the highest percentages in the maxillary and mandibular arches at 98.3% and 95.8%, respectively, followed by class III with 0.7% and 1.9% for the same arches, respectively. International studies recorded that 100% of maxillary canines had one canal and root; the percentages of the mandibular arch were 92.3 and 98% for single canal and root, respectively; and the highest percentage was obtained by Vertucci's class I (91.1%), followed by class III (4.7%).

Conclusion: This review reports and confirmed the symmetry of the RMCCs of maxillary and mandibular canines between Saudi studies and other populations. Moreover, Vertucci's classes I and III were the most frequent RMCCs, and two-rooted canines in both arches were considerably less frequently than single-rooted ones.

Keywords: Saudi population; Vertucci’s classification; canal configuration; mandibular canine; maxillary canine; number of canals; number of roots; root morphology.

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Conflict of interest statement

The authors report no conflicts of interest in this work.

Figures

Figure 1
Figure 1
Vertucci’s classification of canal configuration.
Figure 2
Figure 2
Flowchart of the study selection process based on the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Review and Meta-Analyses.
Figure 3
Figure 3
Previous published Saudi case reports of canines with variations in gender, arch, root and canal numbers, and RMCC according to Vertucci’s classification (n=10).
Figure 4
Figure 4
Case reports of canines with variations in gender, tooth type, side, root and canal numbers, and RMCC according to Vertucci’s classification in other countries (9 studies and 11 tooth).
See this image and copyright information in PMC

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